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Temperature Measurement
Published in Ethirajan Rathakrishnan, Instrumentation, Measurements, and Experiments in Fluids, 2020
Gas thermometer was originally used as the fundamental temperature measuring device to establish the various temperatures given as the International Temperature Scale in relationship to the originally conceived fixed points of the freezing point and boiling point of pure water.
Concept of Temperature
Published in John Newman, Vincent Battaglia, The Newman Lectures on Thermodynamics, 2019
John Newman, Vincent Battaglia
Let us return to the criteria at the beginning of the chapter. The gas thermometer is not very convenient, has a long response time, and interferes considerably with the system being measured. And it is completely unfeasible to carry out the extrapolation to the ideal-gas scale (see Eqs. 2.4 and 2.5) every time you want to measure the temperature of a child with a fever. Consequently, it is expedient to define a practical, secondary temperature scale. Criterion 1 has meaning only for such secondary temperature scales. This was the desire for the thermometric property to have a linear dependence on temperature.
Temperature
Published in C.B.P. Finn, Thermal Physics, 2017
If the centigrade scale is set up using a gas thermometer and the results extrapolated back to having a vanishingly small amount of gas in the bulb to simulate an ideal gas thermometer, then this gas centigrade scale coincides with the Celsius scale (providing one takes there to be 100 measured kelvins between the steam and ice points and not the more accurate value of 99.97 kelvins as discussed in section 1.7). However it must always be remembered that the two scales are different in principle: in the centigrade scale the steam and the ice points are defined to differ by 100 degrees centigrade; in the Celsius scale they are measured to differ by 100 K which is the same as 100°C. For precision work, the two scales have to be taken as numerically different, with the degree centigrade being slightly smaller than the degree Celsius (100 degrees centigrade as opposed to 99.97 degrees Celsius between the ice and the steam points). It is frequently said that Celsius is just a new name for centigrade. This is true only for a gas thermometer within the limitations just discussed. For other thermometers, for example a mercury-in-glass, this statement is untrue because the Celsius scale is defined only for a gas thermometer according to equation 1.6 and has no meaning for other types of thermometer. Such thermometers may, however, read °C if they have been calibrated against an ideal gas thermometer giving °C directly.
History of ‘temperature’: maturation of a measurement concept
Published in Annals of Science, 2020
In 1939, Sydney Chapman and Thomas George Cowling, in their influential treatise The Mathematical Theory of Non-Uniform Gases, summarized the situation that had emerged143: There were multiple systems of reckoning temperature in common use among physicists. There was the ideal gas thermometer (or, in practice, actual gas thermometers with a correction factor applied). There was the theoretical temperature of thermodynamics, that is, T = dU ∕ dS. And there was temperature as the mean translational kinetic energy of molecules. In general, the three agreed with each other, but there were cases (and came to be more) where only one was applicable, or where results differed. Following are three such.
Experimental investigation of the distortion temperature parameter of polymer matrix composites for solar panel applications
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2021
K. Karthik, A. Manimaran, J. Udayaprakash
Gas thermometers basically follow the rule of volumetric warm development of a gas or fluid. The liquid follows in two measurements, and in this way all the development happens in one measurement. The warm extension ideally is direct over the temperature scope of use, and one needs to align at least two temperatures to get a legitimate range. A gas thermometer estimates temperature with the variety in weight or volume of a gas. When the volume is kept steady, the thermometer estimates the temperature by the variety in weight alone. This is known as a steady volume gas thermometer