China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Utilization of Fisheries' By-Products for Functional Foods
Published in Se-Kwon Kim, Marine Biochemistry, 2023
Muhamad Darmawan, Nurrahmi Dewi Fajarningsih, Sihono, Hari Eko Irianto
Strong evidence showed that many human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, stroke, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and dementia are associated with the accumulation of free radicals (Florence, 1995). Antioxidants are molecules that are able to donate an electron to a free radical and neutralize it, hence reducing the free radical damage capacity (Lobo et al., 2010). The potential of fish by-products’ protein hydrolysate as a natural antioxidant has also been highlighted and reported by many studies, such as Lassoued et al. (2015), who reported the high antioxidant activity of the pentapeptides Ala-Val-Gly-Ala-Thr purified from the Raja clavate (thornback ray) skin protease-hydrolyzed FPH. The antioxidant potential of fisheries’ by-product FPH was also reported by other studies, such as by Chi et al. (2015), who purified antioxidant peptides of Phe-Ile-Gly-Pro, Gly-Pro-Gly-Gly-Phe-Ile and Gly-Ser-Gly-Gly-Leu from protein hydrolysates of bluefin leatherjacket (Navodon septentrionalis) heads.
Cobalt Toxicity
Published in Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, Metal Toxicology Handbook, 2020
Muhammad Umar, Ayyaz Sultan, Noman Jahangir, Zobia Saeed
The respiratory system was the first system found to be affected by hard metal dust containing cobalt exposure. It was reported as early as in 1940 when Jobs53 published his study discussing the association between occupational hard metal exposure and respiratory changes, based upon chest radiographs showing pneumoconiosis. Initially, the term “occupational lung disease” was used, which was later replaced by “hard metal lung disease” to describe respiratory effects of cobalt-containing dust inhalation.54 Cobalt dust inhalation may present as decreasing pulmonary function, increased frequency of cough due to irritation of respiratory cilia and sensitization of immune system, respiratory inflammation, and pulmonary fibrosis. These effects may be the result of the generation of oxidants, leading to free radical damage.
Ecological Consequences of Enhanced UV Radiation on the Phenolic Content of Brassica Oleracea: a Review
Published in Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Edward J. Cichon, Hilary I. Inyang, Ulrich Stottmeister, Remediation Engineering of Contaminated Soils, 2000
Jeffrey M. Lynch, Alicja M. Zobel
Targets of free radicals include proteins, DNA (105-107), carbohydrates, and the phospholipid component of cellular membranes (80,82,101) Depending on the cellular or extracellular target, free-radical damage can result in (a) modified ion transport, (b) modified enzyme activity, (c) mutations and translational errors, and (d) modification of the structural and functional integrity of the membrane. Most free radicals have a chronic effect on cells.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by Daucus carota L.: antiradical, antimicrobial potentials, in vitro cytotoxicity against brain glioblastoma cells
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2022
Ikechukwu P. Ejidike, Hadley S. Clayton
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are responsible for the pathological activities of diverse diseases like coronary heart disease, the aging process, hypertension, and Parkinson’s disease (10, 31). Drugs that are antioxidants rich are administered to prevent free radical damage in the system. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical was used for in vitro antioxidant assay of the synthesized nanosized materials spectrophotometrically. Vitamin C and Gallic acid were employed as standard agents. The ability of D carota L. leaf extract (DCLE) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP05 and AgNP01) to eliminate free radicals is an imperative property. The DPPH scavenging activity of the leaf extract (DCLE) was found higher than that of silver nanoparticles, indicating that functional groups of bioactive agents are responsible for the radical removal potential of the extract (Table 1). The radical scavenging potential of leaf extract (DCLE), AgNP05, and AgNP01 as well as the standards, were increased in a dose-dependent peculiarity. The violet color of DPPH solution transformed into yellow upon the annexation of test compounds at a time (t) as a result of test samples electron transfer to DPPH radical was described in the mechanism of reaction (Figure 6), appropriating it into a stable hydrazine form (10, 21, 33). IC50 and R2 (correlation coefficient) data of test compounds are reported in Table 1.