Indirect DNA damage

Indirect DNA damage refers to the harm caused to DNA molecules by free radicals and reactive oxygen species that are produced as a result of ionization or excitation of water molecules within cells. This type of damage can occur as a result of excessive exposure to UVA radiation and may lead to mutations, metastasis, and increased invasiveness in skin cells.From: Radiation in Medicine and Biology [2017], Recent advances in nanotechnology based combination drug therapy for skin cancer [2022]

Generation of Bremsstrahlung Radiation from Different Low- to High-Z Targets for Medical Applications: A Simulation Approach

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Published in Pandit B. Vidyasagar, Sagar S. Jagtap, Omprakash Yemul, Radiation in Medicine and Biology, 2017

Bhushankumar Jagnnath Patil, Vasant Nagesh Bhoraskar, Sanjay Daga Dhole

The biological target of radiation in the cell is DNA. Radiation can directly interact with cellular DNA and cause damage. In such case, the dose of radiation absorbed correlates directly with the energy of the beam and its deposition of energy in tissues, which results in damage to DNA strands and diminishes the cell’s ability to replicate indefinitely. Moreover, the indirect DNA damage can cause by the free radicals, derived from the ionization or excitation of the water component of the cells. Figure 1.3 shows the cell killing mechanism in the body.

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of light emitted by incandescent, halogen, and LED bulbs on ARPE-19 and BEAS-2B cell lines

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Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2018

Marta Gea, Tiziana Schilirò, Paola Iacomussi, Raffaella Degan, Sara Bonetta, Giorgio Gilli

The alkaline version of the Comet assay (sensitive to DNA strand breaks, direct oxidative DNA lesions, and alkali-labile sites) was used to evaluate the genotoxic effects of light, while the Fpg-modified Comet assay was used to assess the oxidative (direct and indirect) DNA damage.

Indirect DNA damage

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Generation of Bremsstrahlung Radiation from Different Low- to High-Z Targets for Medical Applications: A Simulation Approach

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of light emitted by incandescent, halogen, and LED bulbs on ARPE-19 and BEAS-2B cell lines