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The Alloys of Iron, Their Physical Nature, and Behavior During Deformation
Published in William L. Roberts, Cold Rolling of Steel, 2017
On a normal commercial basis, perfectly pure iron is not available. However, for special purposes, electrolytic iron and carbonyl iron of 99.99 per cent purity are obtainable. In larger quantities, ingot iron, containing about 0.1 per cent of various impurities (about 0.01 per cent carbon),□ though relatively expensive, is sold where its superior ductility, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability are needed. The physical properties of ingot iron are listed in Table 8-2.
Powder Metallurgy
Published in Sherif D. El Wakil, Processes and Design for Manufacturing, 2019
Magnets include soft magnets and permanent magnets. Soft magnets are used in DC motors or generators as armatures, as well as in measuring instruments. They are made of iron, iron–silicon, and iron–nickel alloys. Electrolytic iron powder is usually used because of its high purity and its good compressibility, which allows the high compact densities required for maximum permeability to be attained.
Mechanism of bonding during laser transmission welding using EIP absorber
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2023
It is evident from the literature that metals in powder form have the advantage of providing clean and strong joints in laser transmission welding. However, the bonding of metal powder absorber with high melting temperature to join polycarbonate is yet to be explored. This study reports the utilization of electrolytic iron particles as an absorber in laser transmission welding of polycarbonate sheets. In this work, the mechanical behavior, bond morphology, and bonding mechanism of the laser transmission welded specimens are analyzed at different scan speeds and laser powers. The Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope are used to examine the cross-section and fractured interface to understand the bond characteristics.
Distribution of vanadium between Al2O3-CaO-MgO-SiO2-TiO2 slag and carbon saturated iron
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2021
Master alloy was prepared from high purity electrolytic iron, metallurgical grade silicon and vanadium metal powder. A carbon saturated iron alloy containing 1% vanadium and 0.3% silicon was prepared by melting the Fe in a graphite crucible with sufficient V and Si at 1400°C, stirring the metal with deoxidised argon gas injected down an alumina lance for a period of an hour, and then collecting the alloy by drawing it into a 3 mm diameter silica tube and cooling the metal to ambient in the silica tube. The metal rods were separated from the silica tubes and cut into 5 mm pieces. The measured composition of the master alloy is listed in Table 2.
Experimental Investigation of Thermal Properties of Materials Used to Develop Cryopump
Published in Fusion Science and Technology, 2021
R. Gangradey, J. Mishra, S. Mukherjee, P. Nayak, P. Panchal, J. Agarwal, V. Gupta
The first step is the sample preparation of the candidate material to be studied. The sample is required to be in the form of a thin disk of 12.6-mm diameter. The optimum thickness of the sample depends upon the magnitude of the estimated thermal diffusivity. It is chosen in a manner such that the time to reach the maximum temperature falls within the 40- to 200-ms range. Although thinner specimens minimize the heat loss corrections, specimens should always be thick enough to be representative of the test material. Typical thicknesses are in the range of 1 to 6 mm. Since the thermal diffusivity is proportional to the square of the thickness, it may be desirable to use different thicknesses in different temperature ranges. Sample preparation is carried out with the faces as flat surfaces and parallel within 0.5% of their thickness. The coating of the sample with graphite spray at the flash facing surfaces minimizes the flux losses. The flash method is a primary method for measuring thermal diffusivity; therefore, it requires no calibration. However, the actual execution of the measurement itself is subject to random and systematic errors. It is, therefore, essential to verify the performance of the device to establish the extent to which these errors may affect the data generated. If the proper thickness is not selected, then the system halts, and no results get plotted. First, the data related to the thermal conductivity of the samples of the reference materials provided along with the instrument are found. The standard samples are copper, steel, and electrolytic iron. All the reference samples are of 12.7-mm diameter. The samples have a thickness that depends on the kind of material. Reference sample copper has a thickness of 5.08 mm, steel has 1.58 mm, and electrolytic iron has 2.54 mm. For a material with good conductivity, higher thickness is preferable.