Diquat

Diquat

Dipyridiliums

Published in Fina P. Kaloyanova, Mostafa A. El Batawi, Human Toxicology of Pesticides, 2019

Fina P. Kaloyanova, Mostafa A. El Batawi

Paraquat and diquat are total contact herbicides. They kill broad-leaved and grassy weeds. Paraquat is used as a dessicant and defoliant on certain crops: potato, sunflower, sugar-cane, and cotton. At higher concentration it is effective in cleaning railways and roadsides weeds.1 Diquat controls floating weeds in water bodies (lakes, drainage ditches, and irrigation ditches).

Acute toxicity of three herbicide formulations of Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes, Characidae), an emerging neotropical fish model species

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Journal Information

Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2023

Nathalia R. A. Rocha, Thiago A. Freato, José T. Filho, Admilson C. Barbosa, Talita M. Lázaro, Gabriel M. Schade, Gabriella B. Carvalho, Carlos A. F. Oliveira, José A. Senhorini, George S. Yasui, Paulo S. Monzani

Atrazine is an endocrine-disrupting chemical primarily targeting the neuroendocrine system and associated axes, acting as a reproductive toxicant by attenuating the luteinizing hormone (Stradtman and Freeman 2021). Glyphosate exerts cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, induces inflammation, and affects lymphocyte functions and the interactions between microorganisms and the immune system (Costa et al. 2022; Peillex and Pelletier 2020). Diquat irritates the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and upper respiratory tract, which may lead to lung disorders. Diquat intoxication produces nausea, vomiting, chest pain, development of cardiogenic shock, and toxic effects on the liver and kidneys (Yastrub, Omelchuk, and Yastrub 2020).

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Dipyridiliums

Acute toxicity of three herbicide formulations of Astyanax altiparanae (Characiformes, Characidae), an emerging neotropical fish model species