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Indoor Air Pollution
Published in William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel, Reversibility of Chronic Disease and Hypersensitivity, Volume 4, 2017
William J. Rea, Kalpana D. Patel
Organophosphorus (OP) insecticides are used worldwide in the control of agricultural, household, and veterinary pests. Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate) is a commonly used OP insecticide. Study has shown that there are toxic effects of dichlorvos on the nuclei of freshly isolated human peripheral blood lymphocytes when incubated with 5, 10, 20, 80, and 100 microg/mL of dichlorvos. According to the results, dichlorvos induced micronuclei, decreased the mitotic and replication indexes. It is a genotoxic product causing chromosomal damage (an increase in micronucleus) and cell death (decrease in mitotic and replication indexes). This substance should never be used in the home. However, it is frequently used both in the homes and at work.
List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
Humans exposed to dichlorvos show many symptoms of poisoning that include, but are not limited to, irritability, confusion, headache, speech difficulties, sweating, blurred vision, drowsiness or insomnia, numbness, tingling sensations, incoordination, tremor, abdominal cramps, difficulty in breathing or respiratory depression and slow heart beat, impaired memory concentration, disorientation, and severe depressions.
Transformation behavior of trichlorfon in apple during the drying process
Published in Drying Technology, 2021
Changjian Li, Yahan Zhang, Xiaohong Zhong, Qiliang Shen, Yunfei Xie, Yahui Guo, Hang Yu, Weirong Yao, He Qian
Pesticides are used in agriculture to control a variety of pests. Consumption of pesticide-contaminated foods can lead to the accumulation of pesticides in the human body, even at low concentrations, which can result in serious diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, reproductive and endocrine disorders, cancer, and renal diseases.[1,2] During the processing of agricultural products, pesticides are degraded and transformed via biological[3] and heating methods.[4,5] Pesticide transformation products, which have received considerable attention in recent years, are classified as “emerging pollutants” because they may contain more toxic components. The coexistence of transformation products and pesticides in the environment pose a risk to human health. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain information on these transformation products and to assess their risks. Trichlorfon and dichlorvos are chlorinated organophosphorus pesticides. These pesticides have been traditionally used in agriculture, workplaces, food storage areas, and homes,[6] as well as to treat parasitic infections in domestic animals.[7] Dichlorvos is highly toxic to humans: acute exposure to this pesticide can cause dyspnea, coma, or death.[8] Dichlorvos has been categorized by the World Health Organization as a highly hazardous pesticide[9] and has been excluded from the list of approved pesticides in the EU[10] Trichlorfon may be transformed into dichlorvos. A study[11] revealed that 39 highly toxic pesticides were detected in 9823 fruits and vegetables sold in China, among which dichlorvos was the most predominant pesticide.