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Advanced Topics in Molecular Biology
Published in Jay L. Nadeau, Introduction to Experimental Biophysics, 2017
Another complementary technique is known as DNA shuffling and involves the combination of different pieces of successful mutant genes in order to further enhance them. References to this technique are given at the end of the chapter. With the ability to evolve powerful molecular machines for enhanced function or novel uses, the way is paved for many exciting opportunities in protein design.
Biotechnology and Its Significance in Environmental Protection
Published in V. Sivasubramanian, Bioprocess Engineering for a Green Environment, 2018
R. Sivashankar, A.B. Sathya, K. Vasantharaj, R. Nithya, V. Sivasubramanian
DNA shuffling: This is a form of directed evolution in which the gene encoding the enzyme targeted for improvement is mutated in millions of permutations using recombinant techniques, followed by the selection and isolation of superior performers, often carried out in multiple iterations of selection.
A comprehensive review on enzymatic degradation of the organophosphate pesticide malathion in the environment
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C, 2019
Smita S. Kumar, Pooja Ghosh, Sandeep K. Malyan, Jyoti Sharma, Vivek Kumar
(i) The CASTing was employed on residues in the core region iteratively to obtain the best mutation combinations in the substrate-binding pocket. (ii) Random mutagenesis (epPCR) was further employed to discover further reinforcing mutations. Since the mutational potential was fully explored around the active site, most if not all of the epPCR mutations were expected to occur outside the core region. (iii) To improve the quality of the variants produced by epPCR, all the beneficial mutations were mixed using DNA shuffling. (iv) The stability of the best variant in the final stage was improved by rational design of residues on the protein surface. A recent study reported the cloning and expression of a novel esterase gene from Ureibacillus thermosphaericus that was cloned into the pET32b vector and expressed in E. Coli BL21(DE3).121 The thermostable enzyme obtained as a result was named as estUT1. Going further, the malathion removal efficiency of cross-linked enzyme aggregates of this esterase revealed approximately 99.5% removal of the parent compound.62 Engineering of enzymes, proteins, genes, and plasmids can thus improve the efficiency of biotransformation, particularly in the case when the large-scale application of a particular biocatalyst is hampered by the low rate of pollutant degradation.
Improved bioethanol production using genome-shuffled Clostridium ragsdalei (DSM 15248) strains through syngas fermentation
Published in Biofuels, 2021
Siddhi Patankar, Amol Dudhane, A. D. Paradh, Sanjay Patil
Genome shuffling (GS) is an alternative to classical strain improvement methods. GS is a simple technique that has been used for strain improvement in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes [16]. GS allows directed evolution of an organism via recursive recombination at the whole genome level [17]. This technique combines the advantage of multi-parental crossing allowed by DNA shuffling with recombination of entire genomes through protoplast fusion [16].
Secure, Lossless, and Noise-resistive Image Encryption using Chaos, Hyper-chaos, and DNA Sequence Operation
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2020
K. Abhimanyu Kumar Patro, Bibhudendra Acharya, Vijay Nath
This paper covers the following objectives, Higher key space,Higher efficiency and security,Higher confusion and randomness of pixels,Lossless encryption and decryption outputs,Noise-resistivity,More complexity in the encryption (permutation) process,Reduces total execution time in DNA based encryption operations This paper contributes the followings. Two times of hyper-chaotic map based shuffling operations are performed to make more confusion and to provide more strength in the encryption algorithm.DNA-XOR based diffusion operation is performed to diffuse the pixels in the original image.Selection based hyper-chaotic sequences for DNA-shuffling operation is utilized to make more complexity in the encryption process.Selection based DNA encoding and decoding rules (all the eight rules) by using Logistic-Tent map are also utilized to make more complexity in the encryption process.The 256-bit hash value of original image is used to resist the algorithm against known-plaintext attack and chosen-plaintext attack.Finally, parallel sub-image operation based image encryption is performed to reduce the total execution time.1-d chaotic map, hyper-chaotic map and DNA sequence operation are used to gain the advantages of high efficiency, large key space, high key sensitivity, high randomness of pixels and the above advantages of using DNA operations.