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Alkaloids potential health Benefits and toxicity
Published in Quan V. Vuong, Utilisation of Bioactive Compounds from Agricultural and Food Waste, 2017
Renée A. Street, Gerhard Prinsloo, Lyndy J. McGaw
Five alkaloids, berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine and magnoflorine were isolated from an extract of the rhizome of Coptis chinensis (Coptidis Rhizoma) and it was found to significantly inhibit adipocyte differentiation and lipid contents by downregulation of protein levels (Choi et al. 2014). Repeated oral treatment of the alkaloid fraction of Hunteria umbellata seed extract produced weight loss, antihyperlipidemic and cardioprotective effects significantly. Additionally, dose- dependent weight loss and decreases in the serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. Furthermore, increased serum levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction were also found (Adeneye and Crooks 2015). Bouchardatine significantly reduced lipid accumulation and mainly inhibited early differentiation of adipocytes through proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner, without any observed cytotoxicity (Rao et al. 2015). Two evodia alkaloids, rutaecarpine and evodiamine, exhibited anti-lipogenic and anti-gluconeogenic effects which may have therapeutic potential for treatment of hyperglycemia and T2DM (Yu et al. 2015).
Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Chelidonium majus extracts – antagonistic action of chelerythrine and sanguinarine against Botrytis cinerea
Published in Chemistry and Ecology, 2018
D. Wianowska, S. Garbaczewska, A. Cieniecka–Roslonkiewicz, R. Typek, A. L. Dawidowicz
Chelidonium majus L., commonly known as greater celandine, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Papaveraceae, that is native to Europe and Asia but has spread throughout the world. The main constituents of this plant are alkaloids such as benzophenanthridines (e.g. chelidonine, chelerythrine and sanguinarine) and protoberberines (e.g. coptisine and berberine) [1–4]. These compounds exhibit numerous biological properties, including choleretic, colagogue, spasmolytic, antitumour, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and fungicidal effects, both in vitro and in vivo [5–9]. Of the above mentioned, fungicidal activity of benzophenanthridines deserves special attention since in the aspect of rapid development of pathogens resistance to the commonly used synthetic fungicides there is a great demand for alternative and effective natural antifungal agents.