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Review of the Recovery of Cobalt from Secondary Resources
Published in Abhilash, Ata Akcil, Critical and Rare Earth Elements, 2019
Cobalt, which is a strategic metal used in several industrial, medical, and military applications, is a critical metal because of its increasing consumption despite low production in EU and United States(EC, 2014; Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2018). Cobalt is generally used as an alloy because pure cobalt is rarely utilized as a structural material (Northern Cobalt Limited, 2017). Cobalt alloys demonstrate outstanding heat corrosion durability and welding properties than nickel and iron alloys (Cheang and Mohamed, 2016). Cobalt, which is produced for numerous versatile applications such as magnetic material and high-temperature alloys, is a necessary raw material for industrial growth. In addition, its compounds (cobalt oxalate, cobalt oxide, cobalt chloride, and cobalt sulfate) are widely used in the industry (Cheng et al., 2016).
Recovery of Nickel and Cobalt Metal Powders from the Leaching Solution of Spent Lithium-Ion Battery by Solvent Extraction and Chemical Reduction
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2023
Many studies have reported that moderate acidic solutions can strip Co(II) from the loaded Cyanex 272 (Swain et al. 2006). In general, cobalt sulfate is employed as a precursor in the manufacture of electrode materials for LIBs (Winjobi, Kelly, and Dai 2022). Sulfuric acid was therefore selected as a stripping solution and the pH of the sulfuric acid solution was varied from 3.0 to 0.5. Figure 5 shows that the stripping percentage of Co(II) from the loaded Cyanex 272 increased rapidly as solution pH decreased and 93.8% of Co(II) was stripped by sulfuric acid solution with pH 1. McCabe-Thiele diagram for the stripping of Co(II) from the loaded Cyanex 272 was constructed by varying the volume ratio of the two phases from 1:3 to 3:1. In these experiments, the sulfuric acid with pH 1 was employed as a stripping solution. Figure 6 indicates that two stages of counter-current stripping are necessary to completely strip Co(II) from the loaded Cyanex 272 at an O/A ratio of unity.
Flowsheet Options for Cobalt Recovery in African Copper–cobalt Hydrometallurgy Circuits
Published in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2019
Kathryn C. Sole, John Parker, Peter M. Cole, Michael B. Mooiman
Cobalt sulfate heptahydrate (CoSO4·7H2O), containing approximately 21% Co, is prepared commercially by high-speed evaporation of water from concentrated cobalt sulfate solution in a crystallizer (Rogans 2018). On further heating to ~250°C, the product can lose its waters of crystallization, becoming anhydrous cobalt sulfate (Donaldson et al. 1986). Cobalt sulfate is highly soluble in water and generally more stable than the other crystalline cobalt products and, for these reasons, is widely used as a source of cobalt(II) for the manufacture of cobalt chemicals, as well as for the electroplating industries and as an additive in animal feedstock (Donaldson et al. 1986).