China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Industry Perspectives of Microalgae 4.0
Published in Pau Loke Show, Wai Siong Chai, Tau Chuan Ling, Microalgae for Environmental Biotechnology, 2023
Kreena Gada, Angela Paul Peter, Wai Siong Chai, Pau Loke Show
In the recent decade, significant progress in microalgal genetics has been made. Expressed sequence tag (EST) indexes have come about to be constructed, and nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast complete set of genetic information from many microalgae have been mapped. Most molecular and genetic phycological research has previously focused on the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. As a result, the majority of the techniques for transgenic expression and gene knockdown have been created specifically for this species. However, methods concerning “living opals” and other algae, which are of leading importance for industrial utilization, are fast being developed (Radakovits et al. 2010).
Downstream Processing of Waste Biomass: From Biophysical Aspects of Biomass Yield to Engineered Microbial Cells for Better Harvesting
Published in Prakash K. Sarangi, Latika Bhatia, Biotechnology for Waste Biomass Utilization, 2023
In a pilot study in chloroplast engineering, it was reported that(Mayfield et al., (2003) attempts of protein expression based on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the unicellular green alga. In this work, the used chloroplast-targeted transgenes to express an antibody. The replacement of the chloroplast psbAgene with the chimeric psbA-transgene Chimera was also reported (Manuell et al., 2007). This intervention results in the accumulation of recombinant protein more than that of the total protein up to above 5% which approaches that of other robust expression systems such as bacteria. Here, replacement of the chloroplast psbA gene with the chimeric psbA-transgene Chimera results in the accumulation of recombinant protein above 5% of total protein. This level of recombinant protein accumulation approaches that of other robust expression systems, including bacteria.
2
Published in M.R. Riazi, David Chiaramonti, Biofuels Production and Processing Technology, 2017
Nuno Lapa, Elena Surra, Isabel A.A.C. Esteves, Rui P.P.L. Ribeiro, José.P.B. Mota, M.R. Riazi, David Chiaramonti
After being submitted to both the absence of light and adapted to anaerobic conditions (absence of O2), certain autotrophic green microalgae, such as Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorococcum littorale, Platymonas subcordiformis, and Chlorella fusca, are able to use the same photosystems as in photosynthesis pathway (photosystems I and II, in short PSI and PSII, respectively) to convert CO2 into organic compounds by reducing H+ to H2; bioH2 is released to the medium as a gas (Azwar et al. 2014; Scoma et al. 2014) (Figure 15.6).
Increased removal of cadmium by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii modified with a synthetic gene for γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2020
René Piña-Olavide, Luz M. T. Paz-Maldonado, M. Catalina Alfaro-De La Torre, Mariano J. García-Soto, Angélica E. Ramírez-Rodríguez, Sergio Rosales-Mendoza, Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández, Ramón Fernando García De la-Cruz
Microalgae growing in media containing metal traces respond by activating the biosynthesis of cysteine-rich peptides such as phytochelatins, which are oligomers of glutathione (Hammer 1986; Pal and Rai 2010). The detoxification starts via the formation of metal-sulfur complexes with cysteine-rich peptides into the cell, followed by their compartmentalization toward the vacuole and chloroplast (Collard and Matagne 1990; Adhiya et al.2002; Clemens et al.2002). Several species of microalgae have shown high removal efficiencies of metals and metalloids (Matsunaga et al.1999; Nishikawa et al.2003; Monteiro et al.2011). Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a ubiquitous, mixotrophic, fast-growing, photosynthetic model organism studied for the removal of pollutants such as arsenic, copper, and lead. As its genome is fully sequenced, C. reinhardtii has suitable characteristics to relate molecular biology and its use in removal studies (Garbayo et al.1996; Grossman 2000; Hanikenne 2003; Gillet et al.2006; Rajamani et al.2007; Flouty 2015; Ramírez-Rodríguez 2019).
Phytoremediation of 137Cs, 60Co, 241Am, and 239Pu from aquatic solutions using Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Chlorella vulgaris
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2021
Dominika Tatarová, Dušan Galanda, Jozef Kuruc, Barbora Gaálová
This work is focused on phytoremediation of radionuclides using 3 strains of green freshwater microalgae (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Scenedesmus obliquus, and C. vulgaris). Although, this work is focused on the use of these strains for bioremediation ex situ with their potential use in decontamination device such as authors Sujung (2018) proposed. Strains were selected because they live in a wide range of habitats and were tested for bioremediation of various elements. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is often used as a model organism to investigate various biological functions and for the removal of heavy metals (Bayramoğlu et al. 2006) and some radionuclides (Fortin and Campbell 2000; Ciorba and Truta 2013). Scenedesmus obliquus is suitable to produce biofuels, thanks to rapid cell growth, efficient CO2 fixation, lipid accumulation, and the ability to grow in contaminated water (Gris et al. 2014). Scenedesmus obliquus can also uptake heavy metals (Gurbuz et al. 2009) and radionuclides such as 110mAg, 137Cs, 60Co, 54Mn (Adam and Garnier-Laplace 2003). Chlorella vulgaris is unicellular green microalgae and has asexual reproduction with doubling mass cell time about 19 hours (Daliry et al. 2017). Removal of heavy metals (Fraile et al. 2005) and radionuclides (Vogel et al. 2011;) such as 90Sr (Wang et al. 2018), 60Co, 137Cs (Galanda et al. 2019) have been also found in C. vulgaris which is microalga frequently used as a nutrition supplement.