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Pullulan-Degrading Enzymes and Their Biochemical Features
Published in Shakeel Ahmed, Aisverya Soundararajan, Pullulan, 2020
Pullulan is a highly ordered branched polysaccharide [1–5] comprising linear chains of D-glucopyranosyl units arranged in between one (1–6) ᾳ D link and two (1–4) ᾳ D links (Fig. 7.1). Thus, pullulan-degrading enzymes (PDEs) have the ability [6–8] to hydrolyze these glycosidic linkages. Enzyme pullulanase (pullulan α-glucanohydrolase; enzyme EC.3.2.1.41) is an extracellular carbohydrase, which was first isolated by Bender and Wallenfels [9] in 1966 from the mesophilic organism Klebsiella pneumoniae. Apart from this enzyme catalytic (EC.3.2.1.41) identification, there are pullulanases known as isopullulanase (EC.3.2.1.57) [7, 8] and neopullulanase (EC.3.2.1.35) [7, 8]. These pullulanases can be subdivided into two types: pullulanase type-I and pullulanase type-II. Pullulanase type-I hydrolyzes only α-1,6-glycocidic linkage, but pullulanase type-II specifically attacks on α-1,4-glycocidic linkage and α-1,6-glycocidic linkage in some selected carbohydrate. Pictorial representation of pullulan.
Purification and biochemical characterization of pullulanase produced from Bacillus sp. modified by ethyl-methyl sulfonate for improved applications
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Oladipo O. Olaniyi, Blessing Oriade, Olusola T. Lawal, Adeyemi O. Ayodeji, Yetunde O. Olorunfemi, Festus O. Igbe
An extracellular carbohydrase called pullulanase debranches the extracellular yeast polysaccharide known as pullulan to produce maltotriose (EC 3.2.1.41)[1]. Pullulanase was first isolated from the mesophilic bacteria Klebsiella pneumonia by Bender and Wallenfels in 1961[2,3]. Curiosity has been sparked by the peculiar activity of microbial pullulanase on α-1, 6 linkages in pullulan, a linear α-glucan predominantly consisting of maltotriosyl units connected by α-1, 6 -bonds. Pullulanase has numerous uses, making it very significant. It is an enzyme that breaks down starch into glucose and maltose. Pullulanase has been reported to be employed on a wide scale in the conversion of starch to glucose and maltose, which are used more efficiently in the manufacturing of glucose sirup[4]. It is commonly utilized in the industry for starch saccharification. Pullulanase is also utilized in the detergent business[5], baking, and the manufacturing of cyclodextrins, which are used in biotechnological products and low-calorie beer[6].