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Biosurfactants-Mediated Remediation of Hydrocarbon Pollution
Published in Wael Ahmed Ismail, Jonathan Van Hamme, Hydrocarbon Biotechnology, 2023
Punniyakotti Parthipan, Pattanathu K. S. M. Rahman, Matthew L. Smith, Kadarkarai Murugan, Yen-Peng Ting, Subramania Angaiah, Aruliah Rajasekar
Although very few field studies have so far been conducted in contrast to a greater number of laboratory studies, the reported field studies and many remediation projects show that biosurfactants-based methods can be applied effectively in the bioremediation of different polluted sites. Obviously, additional studies concerning the behavior of biosurfactants in the trajectory and movement of soil pollutants are still required. The need for biosurfactants has increased due to multiple applications in different sectors, such as the remediation of industrial wastewater from oil/gas operations, food processing industry, and other industries. The limitations in the usage of biosurfactants for commercial purposes are associated mainly with their production such as low yield and high costs. Improvements in surfactant chemistry, biotechnology, and remediation technologies are therefore essential to promote the application of biosurfactants in the future.
Microbial Biosurfactants Remediation of Contaminated Soils
Published in Ederio Dino Bidoia, Renato Nallin Montagnolli, Biodegradation, Pollutants and Bioremediation Principles, 2021
Poulami Datta, Pankaj Tiwari, Lalit M Pandey*
The major types of biosurfactants include glycolipids, lipopeptides, phospholipids, fatty acids, natural lipid, and polymeric biosurfactants (Janek et al. 2010). Lipopeptides are most commonly isolated and characterized biosurfactants which exhibit excellent surface-active properties and biological activities. Biosurfactants are produced by various bacterial strains, such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Acinetobacter, Rhodococcus, Halomonas, and Enterobacter, which can degrade or transform the harmful components of petroleum (Bezza and Chirwa 2015). Due to its origin, biosurfactants are biodegradable, non-toxic, non-hazardous, and eco-friendly compounds which can also be produced from renewable resources under ex situ conditions as well as in situ conditions (extreme environment). Several surface active properties, such as surface tension and interfacial tension reduction, emulsification index determination, and foaming stability study are significant parameters for the biosurfactant endorsement for the soil remediation process.
Industrial Applications of Biosurfactants
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Jeyabalan Sangeetha, Industrial Biotechnology, 2017
Shilpa Mujumdar, Shradha Bashetti, Sheetal Pardeshi, Rebecca S. Thombre
There can be various mechanisms by which microorganisms can play an important role in oil recovery. They can produce certain products like acids from oil and other nutrients which ultimately dissolve carbonates and increases permeability. Some bacteria produce gases which dissolve in oil and reduce its viscosity. Production of biosurfactants is the most important mechanism followed by many bacteria. Biosurfactants act by reducing interfacial tension between oil/water and oil/rock. This causes reduction in the capillary forces which prevents oil from moving through rock pores. Biosurfactants also lead to formation of stable oil-water emulsion which allows removal of oil along with the injection water (Suthar et al., 2008). Apart from these mechanisms, biopolymers and enzymes produced by microorganisms also play role in oil recovery (Sen, 2008).
Lipopeptide production by Serratia marcescens SmSA using a Taguchi design and its application in enhanced heavy oil recovery
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2022
T. Roldán-Carrillo, G. Castorena-Cortés, F. Álvarez-Ramírez, F. Vázquez-Moreno, P. Olguín-Lora
Biosurfactants are amphiphilic, biodegradable molecules with low toxicity; they can be produced from cost-effective materials. They are stable at extreme temperatures, pH, and salinity.[1,2] Biosurfactants accumulate at the interface between water and insoluble compounds, diminishing the interfacial tension (IFT).[3,4] Biosurfactants have potential applications as emulsifiers, dispersants, wetting agents, and coating agents. Several industries have benefited from the properties and use of biosurfactants, such as the oil industry, where biosurfactants can be used to enhance hydrocarbon recovery and can be applied to bioremediation.[5,6]
Heavy metal remediation and resistance mechanism of Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Ali Fakhar, Bushra Gul, Ali Raza Gurmani, Shah Masaud Khan, Shafaqat Ali, Tariq Sultan, Hassan Javed Chaudhary, Mazhar Rafique, Muhammad Rizwan
Some Bacillus species, such as B. subtilis, produce biosurfactants (lipopeptide, subtilisin) that form heavy metal complexes resulting in speciation. The biosurfactants are surface-active compounds that reduce surface tension between liquid–solid and liquid–liquid interfaces (Busi & Rajkumari, 2017). Additionally, Bacillus species also resist heavy metal stress through genetic determinants. These resistance determinant genes function for Cu, Cr, Fe, and Zn, and resistance is commonly provided through plasmids. However, Fe and Zn are essential metal ions for cell development and growth at low concentration (Sevim & Sevim, 2015). It has been reported that Bacillus sp. have the capability to degrade toxic pollutants anaerobically. Bacillus is one of the dominant autochthonous bacterial communities in extremely toxic and acidic environments. They have high concentrations of Pb, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, and Mn complex organic androgenic-mutagenic compounds (Kumar & Chandra, 2020).
A review on biotransformation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons mediated by biosurfactant producing bacteria
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2022
Soni Kumari Singh, Ashish Sachan
Biosurfactant has many advantages over chemical surfactant as they can be produced from cheaper substrates, shorter persistence in environment. Biosurfactant shows hydrophil-lipophil-balance (HLB) which is determined by the relationship of the hydrophilic and the hydrophobic parts of the surfactant molecule. Biosurfactant are produced by Hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms are of various chemical nature and molecular size. Biosurfactants may be produced extracellularly or intracellularly (E. antoniou et al. 2015) by different low cost substrates. The use of biosurfactants increases the mobility as well as bioavailability of hydrocarbons, promotes the rate of biodegradation (Haftka et al. 2015) (Table. 3). Surfactants behave as an excellent foaming agents, emulsifiers and dispersing agents (De et al. 2015). Biosurfactants have significant importance in environmental and industrial applications such as bioremediation, soil washing, enhanced oil recovery and other general oil processing and related industries (fracchia et al. 2012). It reduces surface tensions in aqueous and hydrocarbon mixtures, that makes them potential agents for increasing bioavailability to microorganism and biodegradation and oil recovery (Lot fabad et al. 2009). There is a clean correlation between the type of biosurfactant and hydrocarbon that gets degraded. Rhamnolipids and its producing microorganisms specifically degraded hexadecane and degradation of Phenanthrene increases in the presence of nonionic surfactant (Itrich et al. 2015).