China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Determination of 13 bisphenol compounds in plastic food contact materials by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Published in Binoy K. Saikia, Advances in Applied Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis, 2022
Yue Qiu, Genrong Li, Qing Zhang, Jiali Lu, Mei Long
Standard samples: Hexafluorobisphenol A (BPAF), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol E (BPE), bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB), tetramethylbisphenol A (TMBPA), bisphenol C (BPC), bisphenol Z (BPZ), tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA), bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE), bisphenol AP (BPAP), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol P (BPP) purchased from Germany Dr. Ehrenstorfer company. Methanol, isopropyl alcohol and acetonitrile were all chromatographic pure, which purchased from Tedia Company in the United States.
Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, bisphenol and paraben compounds in dust collected from residential homes in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2022
Didi Erwandi Mohamad Haron, Minoru Yoneda, Rafidah Hod, Muhammad Ikram A. Wahab, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz
Bisphenol residues, except for BPB, contributed less than 5% of total EDC concentrations in all samples where BPA, BPS, BPF, and BPAF were detected in the dust samples. Figure 2 depicts the total mean concentration and composition profile of bisphenol where none of bisphenol residues were detected in Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia. Other than Kuala Lumpur, other regions had varying levels of bisphenol. For instance, BPA, which was widely used in the past and was banned in Malaysia, showed a trace of its concentration. In comparison to BPA, both BPF and BPS were found to have higher mean concentrations than other bisphenol in all Klang Valley locations. It could be seen that the people were now opting for BPA alternatives. However, BPF and BPS, despite being suggested as alternatives, have shown to be part of EDCs as well.
Persistence of three bisphenols and other trace organics of concern in anaerobic sludge under methanogenic conditions
Published in Environmental Technology, 2021
Youn Jeong Choi, Loring F. Nies, Linda S. Lee
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been widely used in polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, food containers, and thermal paper among other uses [1,2]. Concerns associated with its endocrine disrupting activity have led to replacement chemicals including bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol AF (BPAF). However, research on these BPA analogues suggests that they may have similar endocrine disrupting activity [3]. Mass production and usage of BPA resulted in the systematic presence of BPA in waste water treatment plants (WWTPs) with influent and effluent concentrations ranging from 0 to 4.50 μg/L and 0 to 3.01 μg/L, respectively; WWTP solids with concentrations as high as 25,600 μg/kg in sludge; and 1.09–3,430 μg/kg in biosolids. BPA still accounts for the majority of the bisphenol analogues present in commercial products. However, rising concerns of the estrogenicity of BPA alternatives spawned several occurrence studies which showed the presence of alternate BPA analogues in wastewater treatment systems [4–6], sediments [7], and human urea [8]. BPS and BPAF were found in WWTP sludge at concentrations as high as 523 μg/kg [4] and 1,480 μg/kg [5], respectively.
A critical review on remediation of bisphenol S (BPS) contaminated water: Efficacy and mechanisms
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2020
Zheng Fang, Yurong Gao, Xiaolian Wu, Xiaoya Xu, Ajit K. Sarmah, Nanthi Bolan, Bin Gao, Sabry M. Shaheen, Jörg Rinklebe, Yong Sik Ok, Song Xu, Hailong Wang
Zeolites are excellent sorbents for organic pollutants as well because of their high surface area and large pore volume, regular crystallinity and chemical and thermal stabilities (Wang, Shao, et al., 2015). Functionalized nano-zeolite secony mobil-5 (FNZSM-5), prepared by Goyal, Barman, & Bulasara (2018) through hydrothermal treatment and HDTMS-Br modification, was used for adsorption of BPS from aqueous, which possessed a maximum adsorption capacity of 193 mg/g. The adsorption process between BPS and FNZSM-5 was well described by the Freundlich model and kinetics was well predicted by a pseudo-second kinetic model, suggesting the multilayer chemical adsorption mechanisms. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide modified nanozeolite NaY (NZY) was applied as BPS sorbent and achieved a much higher maximum adsorption capacity (25.64 mg/g) than commercial zeolite NaY (4.21 mg/g) at pH 4 (Goyal, Barman, & Bulasara, 2016). Clays including montmorillonite, palygorskite, kaolinite, and bentonite, are another well-known adsorbents, which have been widely applied for the removal of BPA from water (Bhatnagar & Anastopoulos, 2017). Choi & Lee (2017b) studied the octanol-water and soil-water partitioning behavior of BPA, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and BPS in soil and reported that BPS showed greater sorption of BPS compared to BPA in soils with high clay and low organic carbon content. They also found that the BPS adsorption increased with increasing kaolinite content. However, only few works have been conducted using clay-based sorbent for BPS removal at present.