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Filter Components—the Capacitor
Published in Richard Lee Ozenbaugh, Timothy M. Pullen, EMI Filter Design, 2017
Richard Lee Ozenbaugh, Timothy M. Pullen
The two subgroups are metallized and foil. For the metallized style, the dielectric is coated with a thin spray of metallized aluminum that becomes the plate of the capacitor. The other subgroup is aluminum foil. The typical aluminum foil thickness is 0.00023 inch, or 0.23 mil. This foil is much thicker than the film, which is measured in microns. Foil will carry much more current and is therefore better for pulse applications and EMI filters where there are high harmonic currents from off-line regulators and similar harmonic sources. Most EMI filters are built with this type of construction and have a thicker aluminum foil if higher currents are expected. Just as the dielectric can have several layers for higher voltages, the foil can either be thicker or also layered. The metallized film has several advantages, however. This capacitor can be much smaller for the same capacitor value, and this type is self-healing. All dielectrics have small pinholes throughout their length. When the applied voltage stresses the film, the film often shorts out through one of the pinholes, causing the film to melt. The aluminum on the metallized film will then re-form, making the capacitor self-healing. Another advantage of this subgroup is that the aluminum can be sprayed on both sides of the metallized dielectric. This adds to the smaller size, promotes self-healing, and is better for extended life.
Packaging Applications for High Temperature Plastics
Published in Robert R. Luise, of High Temperature Polymers, 1997
Gene Strupinsty, Aaron L. Brody
The retort pouch is now a constituent of U.S. military rations, and enjoys some success in Japan where the relatively slow speed equipment is acceptable to food processors in that country. Attempts to obviate the use of aluminum foil in the structure have not been highly successful. Aluminum foil suffers from pinholing and cracking at the interfaces of heat seal and body wall areas and is fragile under repeated stresses. Several plastic materials including liquid crystals have been proposed as aluminum foil substitutes; however, to date, the temperature resistance, economics, and barrier properties of aluminum have not been surpassed by any plastic structure.
List of Chemical Substances
Published in T.S.S. Dikshith, and Safety, 2016
The US EPA recommends that the concentration of aluminum in drinking water not exceed 0.2 ppm. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has determined that aluminum cooking utensils, aluminum foil, antiperspirants, antacids, and other aluminum products are generally safe. The OSHA set a maximum concentration limit for aluminum dust in workplace air as 15 mg/m3 for an 8-h period (TWA) and the NIOSH has recommended a limit of 10 mg/m3 in workplace air for up to a 10-h period (TWA). For aluminum, the ACGIH has set the TLV as 10 mg/m3 and the OSHA has set the PEL as 5 mg/m3.
Preparation of synthetic alumina from aluminium foil waste and investigation of its performance in the removal of RG-19 dye from its aqueous solution
Published in Indian Chemical Engineer, 2020
Noor Abdulateef Ghulam, Mohammed Nsaif Abbas, Dawood Eisa Sachit
One of the main sources of aluminium waste is the aluminium foil (Al-foil) which is difficult to recycle and take very long time to degrade in landfills; therefore, it is either incinerated or disposed of in the landfill [5]. Al-foil was used in H2 production by converting it into active Al powder that reacts with water producing H2 [6] or through the use of Ca(OH)2 to remove the surface oxide layer and start the reaction of Al-foil [7]. In addition, low calcination temperature (1100°C) was used to prepare α-Al2O3 for the industrial uses such as refractory materials; though; aqua regia was used during the preparation processes. Therefore, the release of NOx is possible during the production which is damaging to the environment [8]. Accordingly, converting the aluminium foil waste (AFW) into useful products such as alumina is good for the environment [6].
Sustainable requirements and value proposition for milk Ultra-high temperature (UHT) packaging
Published in Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal, 2020
Cristian Camilo Aparicio-Peralta, Ana X. Halabi-Echeverry, Alejandro Puentes-Parodi
The eco-design set of tools makes it possible to judge and compare different product concepts based on characteristics such as a) energy, b) recyclability, c) hazardous waste content, e) durability, f) repairability and g) price. Energy comparisons can compromise the eco-design result when the amount of energy used to manufacture the material is unknown. Since these tools compromise the environmental concept of the product, from the starting point related to manufacturing up to the point of usage, recycling and disposal, it is necessary to increase the service possibilities of the materials understanding current packages (rigid and flexible forms). Figure 4 shows the regular composition of Tetrapack® rigid packaging, which consists of different layers that provide durability and portability to food:Paperboard: Is the main material in cartons. It provides stability, strength and smoothness to the printing surface.Polyethylene: Protects against outside moisture and enables the paperboard to stick to the aluminium foil.Aluminium foil: Protects against oxygen and light to maintain the nutritional value and flavours of the food in the package in ambient temperatures.