China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Engine systems
Published in Tom Denton, Automobile Mechanical and Electrical Systems, 2018
There are two main types of air flow meter. These are vane air flow (VAF) (Fig. 2.242) and the mass air flow (MAF). The vane type air flow meter consists of an air passage and damping chamber into which is fitted a fixed pair of flaps (or vanes), which rotate on a spring-loaded spindle. The spindle connects to and operates a potentiometer and switches.
Experimental investigation on the effects of compression ratio on performance, emissions and combustion characteristics of a biodiesel-fueled automotive diesel engine
Published in Biofuels, 2021
R. Balasubramanian, K. A. Subramanian
A 5.5-kW rated power output air-cooled automotive diesel engine was used for this study. Table 2 gives the technical specifications of the engine. A schematic diagram of the experimental setup is shown in Figure 1. Loading was done using an eddy current dynamometer coupled to the engine which was operated by a dynamometer controller. The air flow was measured with an air flow meter based on the laminar flow principle, and the flow rate of fuel was measured with a Coriolis digital mass flow meter. Exhaust and lubricant temperatures were measured using thermocouples (K type). A piezoelectric transducer with sensitivity of 45 pC/bar was fitted on the cylinder head and used to measure the in-cylinder pressure. A crank angle (CA) encoder was mounted on the engine output shaft to measure the rotation of the crankshaft. The pressure–CA data was stored in the computer to carry out the combustion study. The engine emissions of HC, CO and NOx were measured with an Nondispersive Infrared (NDIR)-based exhaust gas analyzer (AVL 4000 Light) and the smoke emission was measured with a smoke opacity meter (AVL model 437). Fuels used in the experiments were BS-IV diesel and karanja biodiesel. Karanja biodiesel prepared in the laboratory was used in the experiments. Karanja oil is non-edible. Table 3 shows the measured fatty acid content of the biodiesel (karanja methyl ester) used in the experimental tests. A photographic view of the experimental setup is shown in Figure 2.