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The Bending Behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite for Car Roof Panel Using ANSYS 21
Published in Amar Patnaik, Vikas Kukshal, Pankaj Agarwal, Ankush Sharma, Mahavir Choudhary, Soft Computing in Materials Development and its Sustainability in the Manufacturing Sector, 2023
The fibers of biobased origin are mostly naturally occurring fibers derived from plant origins. This kind of polymer matrix-based composites is bioefficient and environmentally friendly, biodegradable, recyclable lightweight and comparatively cheap. Wood fibers are divided into two types: crystal cellulose fibers, which are generally less common, and hardwood and soft wood fibers [4]. Fibers that are not obtained from wood are made up of lignin and cellulose, which have good mechanical and physical properties and are used in various industries. Composites containing natural fibers help in the recovery of living body tissues or the transformation of undeveloped parts of the living body, and they were used in the past. The combination of several components that can enhance some required characteristics and outperform the individual single component [5].
Polymers in Special Uses
Published in Manas Chanda, Plastics Technology Handbook, 2017
Wood fiber can be obtained by chemical treatment of the wood (Kraft process, which removes the lignin and low molecular weight waxes) or by thermo-mechanical wood treatment processes, which conserve the lignin and wax content. Wood fiber has a length to diameter ratio between 10:1 and 20:1. Wood flour is available in many sizes, from 20 mesh (coarse) to 400 mesh (extra fine), with 40 mesh being most common. Fine mesh wood flour increases stiffness but reduces impact strength, whereas longer wood fibers contribute to strength but are more difficult to bind with the polymer. For most applications, however, 40 mesh wood flour gives satisfactory performance and ease of processing [474].
Production
Published in Wanda Grimsgaard, Design and Strategy, 2023
Cartonboard as a material is particularly suitable for a wide range of products, both food and non-food. The material has great advantages because it is based on wood fibre, which is a renewable and recyclable natural resource. In addition to its environmental properties such as recyclability and compostability, it is simple to produce and cost-effective due to its low weight (less material). This chapter is based on conversations with Eirik Faukland, manager of research and development at Moltzau Packaging AS.29
Processing of hybrid wood plastic composite reinforced with short PET fibers
Published in Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2018
Srdjan Dragan Perisic, I. Radovic, M. Petrovic, A. Marinkovic, D. Stojanovic, P. Uskokovic, V. Radojevic
Biodegradable fibers with natural origin have advantages over nonbiodegradable due to their unique combination of properties such as low density, high strength, good processability, competitive price, and biodegradability.[1] Wood fibers and particles are biodegradable materials commonly used in thermoplastic polymer matrices for the preparation of composites. Being environmental friendly and durable, these materials have found application in various industrial fields such as civil engineering and interior design. Although advantageous, they also possess drawbacks such as incompatibility between hydrophilic wood fillers and hydrophobic polymer matrices, especially since the wood content can be highly dependent on the application and processing methods.[234567] Low interfacial adhesion between wood and polymer matrices induces creep behavior and consequently leads to inferior performance.[8] Adhesion can be increased with the addition of functionalized polyolefin as a bonding agent, leading to more favorable stress transfer between matrices and wood.[91011121314] Adequate design of the materials can be achieved through the balance between mechanical properties, i.e., performance and environmental aspect.[15,16] Processing of wood polymer composites (WPC) enables the reuse of both wood and thermoplastic polymers.[17] The most suitable polymers for WPC are poly(ethylene) (PE), poly(propylene) (PP), poly(styrene) (PS), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).[18192021] Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) is also a promising candidate with excellent mechanical and chemical properties, which could significantly improve impact properties of wood.[22232425] Although PMMA shows poor compatibility with wood fibers, this problem can be solved by introducing various bonding agents. PMMA also offers transparency and higher water repellency compared to pure wood. Mechanical properties of PMMA-based WPC can be further improved with the use of thermoplastic fibers as reinforcements.