China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning are Changing the Healthcare Industry
Published in Archana Singh, Vinod Kumar Shukla, Ashish Seth, A. Sai Sabitha, ICT and Data Sciences, 2022
Gaurav Singh, Anju Mishra, Archana Singh
Early detection of glaucoma is key for protecting the optic nerve and consequently the vision. The most common procedure for detection of glaucoma is tonometry, where a doctor measures the IOP of the eyes with the help of a tonometer during an eye exam. If there is an increase in the IOP, the doctor suggests the patient for a visual fields (VF) test and an optical coherence tomography (OCT). A VF test measures the scope of vision and checks whether the patient has developed any blind spots because of the loss of cells in the optic nerve due to high eye pressure. OCT is a non-invasive imaging test that helps to create a 3D image of the retina with essential information like optic nerve thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning, fundus imaging, and disc size. VF and OCT scan are the two most advanced techniques for the assessment and monitoring of glaucoma.
Laser Personnel Medical Surveillance
Published in D. C. Winburn, Practical Laser Safety, 2017
Except for examination following suspected injury, these are the only examinations required by this standard. One purpose is to establish a baseline against which damage (primarily ocular) can be measured in the event of an accidental injury. A second purpose is to identify certain workers who might be at special risk from chronic exposure to selected continuous-wave lasers. For incidental workers (e.g., custodial, military personnel on maneuvers, clerical and supervisory personnel not working directly with lasers) only visual acuity measurement is required. For laser workers medical histories, visual acuity measurement, and selected examination protocols are required. The wavelength of laser radiation is the determinant of which specific protocols are required (see E2.2). Examinations should be performed by, or under the supervision of, an ophthalmologist or other qualified physician. Certain of the examination protocols may be performed by other qualified practitioners or technicians under the supervision of a physician. Many ophthalmologists may prefer to perform more thorough eye examinations to assess total visual function as opposed to limiting examinations to those areas that might be damaged by laser radiation at particular wavelengths. Some employers may find it advantageous to offer these more thorough examinations to their workers as a health benefit. For example, certain of the additional examinations, such as tonometry, may be of value in detecting unknown disease conditions, in this case glaucoma. Even though this type of problem is unrelated to work with lasers, appropriate medical intervention will promote a healthier work force. Although chronic skin damage from laser radiation has not been reported, and indeed seems unlikely, this area has not been adequately studied. Limited skin examinations are suggested to serve as a baseline until future epidemiologic study indicates whether they are needed or not.
Ocular Tonometry
Published in Robert B. Northrop, Non-Invasive Instrumentation and Measurement in Medical Diagnosis, 2017
Tonometry is an important NI diagnostic technique used to detect elevated IOP which may lead to the condition of glaucoma and progressive vision loss. Glaucoma is generally a disease of the elderly. An abnormally high IOP is a necessary, but not sufficient, condition for glaucoma. If high IOP is detected during a routine eye exam, it should be followed up by direct observation of the retina and tests for vision loss.
Glaucoma Detection Using Optical Coherence Tomography Images: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Automated Studies
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Hina Raja, Muhammad Usman Akram, Taimur Hassan, Aneeqa Ramzan, Amtual Aziz, Hira Raja
There are various tests conducted for the detection and progression monitoring of glaucoma. A tonometer is used by ophthalmologists to measure intra ocular pressure (IOP). Gonioscopy is a glaucoma detection test that helps ophthalmologists to measure the angle between the iris and cornea. Gonioscopy facilities help an ophthalmologist to determine the type of glaucoma. Fundoscopy is used by an ophthalmologist for the interior examination of eyes: the main regions that can be analyzed are optic nerve head, macula, peripheral and central retinal. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), scanning laser polarimetry (SLP), and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO) are imaging techniques used for the quantitative assessment of RNFL and optic nerve head. However, the CSLO only provides the optic disc analysis. SLP measures peripapillary RNFL thickness, whereas OCT provides assessments of both the RNFL and optic disc. Thus, optical coherence tomography techniques are the most commonly used imaging technology for the detection and management of glaucomatous eyes.
Conceptual design considerations for a wireless intraocular pressure sensor system for effective glaucoma management
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2019
Wolfgang Fink, Shaun Brown, Andres Nuncio Zuniga, Eui-Hyeok Yang, Thomas George
Most tonometers are externally applied to the eye, such as the commonly used Tono-Pen XL and the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer [11], the latter considered the gold-standard for measuring IOP. Although these devices for measuring IOP are non-invasive, they often lead to significant incidences of false measurements of IOP: they are not generally customised to consider individual variations in corneal elasticity [11], returning inaccurate measurements (see below). Internal pressure monitors circumvent this issue by measuring IOP from within the eye.
Multi-modal classifier fusion with feature cooperation for glaucoma diagnosis
Published in Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 2019
Nacer Eddine Benzebouchi, Nabiha Azizi, Amira S. Ashour, Nilanjan Dey, R. Simon Sherratt
Intraocular pressure is usually measured with a tonometry test, which is an elementary test, as an elevated IOP is an important risk factor of the appearance of glaucoma. However, an elevated IOP is not always synonymous with glaucoma, and normal IOP does not necessarily mean a patient will never have glaucoma.