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Development of Biorefinery Systems: From Biofuel Upgrading to Multiproduct Portfolios
Published in Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate, Jonathan Moncada Botero, Valentina Aristizábal-Marulanda, Biorefineries, 2018
Carlos Ariel Cardona Alzate, Jonathan Moncada Botero, Valentina Aristizábal-Marulanda
Sugarcane is typically the feedstock used in the classic sugar-refining case, which has been used in countries like Brazil, Colombia, and India for a number of decades to produce sugar, bioethanol, heat, and power [1]. Historically, this raw material was used for food and beverage purposes, but in the past years the upgraded fuel ethanol was involved as the solution to sugars uncertainties in the market. The configuration of this biorefinery comprises four main processes: (i) sugar production, (ii) bioethanol production, (iii) cogeneration system, and (iv) wastewater treatment, and this biorefinery corresponds to Scenario 1 [1]. Figure 7.1 indicates the generalized diagram of a sugarcane biorefinery. The process begins with the reception of sugarcane for sugar production. The production process of sugar involves the following four main steps: cane milling, juice clarification, evaporation, and crystallization [2]. Molasses (a byproduct of sugar production) and in some cases the juice are used as the raw material in the production of fuel ethanol. This process includes four main steps: fermentation, distillation, dehydration, and stillage concentration [3]. The fermentation step is carried out mainly using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the fermenting microorganism [4].
Aviation Biofuels
Published in M.R. Riazi, David Chiaramonti, Biofuels Production and Processing Technology, 2017
David Chiaramonti, Luiz A. Horta Nogueira, M.R. Riazi
Palms are perennial crops, while sugarcane is a semiperennial crop, though both produce several annual harvests after the initial plantation operation and thus offer raw material at competitive costs. Oil palm is a native palm of West Africa but is extensively cultivated today in Malaysia, Indonesia, and several other tropical countries. The reddish pulp of the oil palm fruit is rich in edible palm oil and represents the most consumed vegetable oil globally. Biodiesel production from palm oil, in the range of 5000–6000 L/ha, presents a good energy output/input ratio of around 5–6 (Yáñez et al., 2009). Sugarcane is a tropical tall grass, whose aerial part is essentially formed by stalks, containing sucrose (12%–17%) and lignocellulosic fiber (bagasse, 8%–14%), and by tips and leaves, which form the sugarcane straw. These components together sum up to about 35 tons/ha of dry matter. Typically, the sugarcane cropping cycle comprises one plant harvest and 3–4 regrowth crops before replanting. Sugarcane is cultivated in more than 90 countries, accounts for 80% of world sugar production, and is also used for ethanol production in some countries, with yields of about 6000–8000 L/ha, presenting a very good energy output/input ratio between 8 and 10 (CGEE, 2012). Sugarcane bagasse and (increasingly) straw are used to generate electricity in cogeneration schemes.
Engineering ethics and public policy
Published in Riadh Habash, Green Engineering, 2017
A second case study looked at Brazil. The country has a well-developed industry for producing ethanol from sugarcane. The main issues that came up there were centered on the environmental sustainability of this production. Deforestation is a major concern, as some rainforests have been cleared for sugarcane production. A second great concern in Brazil centers on workers’ rights. There have been reports of conditions on the sugarcane mills that amount to slave labor as well as reports of unhealthy working conditions, including informal child labor in the mills (NAS 2014).
Sugarcane growth prediction based on meteorological parameters using extreme learning machine and artificial neural network
Published in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2018
Pezhman Taherei Ghazvinei, Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi, Amir Mosavi, Khamaruzaman bin Wan Yusof, Meysam Alizamir, Shahaboddin Shamshirband, Kwok-wing Chau
One of the main perennial crop is sugarcane, grown in tropical areas of various countries like India, Brazil, Thailand, China, Cuba, Pakistan, Mexico, and Iran. FAO, the food and agriculture organization of the United Nations stated that more than 90 countries are cultivating sugarcane within the area of 26.0 million hectares where the global harvest of sugarcane is 1.83 billion tons (FAO, 2015a). About 50% of the total sugar production in Iran is made from sugarcane, while about 90% of Iran’s sugarcane crop grows in Khuzestan province, located in the southern region of Iran. Attention to sugarcane plantation has been increased in recent years (Figure 1) not only for strained sugar source due to rapid population growth but also for a rising demand for the raw material of the sidelong industries such as ethanol, yeast, medium-density fibreboard (MDF) and single cell proteins. In view of the worldwide environment, sugarcane is a significant resource of alcohol to convert into biofuels for motor vehicles and electricity generation. Consequently, effective procedures for providing well-timed and precise information on sugarcane cultivation besides growth circumstances at regional and worldwide scales considered into attention.
Investigation of mechanical and microstructure characteristics of Ti64-bagasse ash composite produced by the SPS process
Published in Powder Metallurgy, 2023
Mahdi Mirzaaghaei, Fathallah Qods, Hossein Arabi, Mostafa Milani, Bagher Mohammad Sadeghi, Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh
Sugarcane is a tropical and subtropical crop that is the main source of sugar production in the world. This substance constitutes about 70% of the global sugar crop area, which is a total of 31.3 million hectares. Brazil, India, and China are the top three sugar producers in the world, which consisted 20.57%, 16.91%, and 6.31% of the global demand in 2016, respectively, [1]. In Iran, reports indicate an annual production of about 2.4 million tons of this substance [2].
A review on the applications of machine learning and deep learning in agriculture section for the production of crop biomass raw materials
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Wei Peng, Omid Karimi Sadaghiani
Sugarcane is one of the Phocaea grasses group and its plantation cycle depends on the environmental and soil properties. The sugarcane produces sugar to be used as a food, or as a raw material of biomass for production of ethanol and energy from cane (Lingle 1999; Singels, Jackson, and Inman-Bamber 2021).