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Microbiological Aspects
Published in Héctor A. Videla, Manual of Biocorrosion, 2018
Other iron-oxidizing bacteria belong to the order of the Clamidobacteriaceae. These are non-colored bacteria that have sheaths formed by an organic matrix impregnated with iron and magnesium oxides. Two typical genera of this order are Sphaerotilus and Leptothrix. These bacteria generally grow in river water, present motile spores, and are well cultured in artificial media in the laboratory. As a typical bacteria of this group, Sphaerotilus natans generally grows in polluted waters containing high organic content. The bacteria of the genus Leptothrix grow well in river waters with iron contents and carbon dioxide. The sheaths of these bacteria have iron hydroxide and are yellow-brown colored (Figure 2.14). These are aerobic microorganisms growing at slightly alkaline pH.
Filamentous Microorganisms in Activated Sludge
Published in Jiří Wanner, Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming Control, 2014
Sphaerotilus natans is the flagship of Eikelboom’s system of filamentous microorganisms. This type is the most traditional and probably best-described filamentous microorganism found in activated sludges. It is one of those exceptional types with a quite clear and firm taxonomic position in the conventional bacteriological system. Sphaerotilus natans belongs to the Sphaerotilus/Leptothrix group in the order Ch/amydobacteriales [14). This order contains sheath-forming filamentous organisms. Contrary to Leptothrix spp., which oxidize manganese, Sphaerotilus spp. are able to deposit iron in the sheath. Thus some authors classify Sphaerotilus natans as an iron bacterium (51). However, Sphaerotilus natans is a chemo-organotrophic, not a lithotrophic, organism. The preferred substrates are readily biodegradeable compounds like simple sugars, low fatty acids, alcohols and other low-molecular-weight substances.
Biological removal of heavy metals from acid wastewaters
Published in Gülhan Özbayoğlu, Çetin Hoşten, M. Ümit Atalay, Cahit Hiçyılmaz, A. İhsan Arol, Mineral Processing on the Verge of the 21st Century, 2017
C. Solisio, A. Del Borghi, A. Esposito, A. Lodi, A. Reverberi, F. Vegliò
In the present work two heavy metals (copper and cadmium) have been treated by cells of Sphaerotilus natans, both living and lyophilised. The Sphaerotilus natans is a filamentous bacterium, naturally present in the sewage sludge and polluted waters, were it is responsible of the so-called bulking phenomenon.
Isolation and characterisation of Fe(II)-oxidising bacteria and their application in the removal of arsenic in an aqueous solution
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Pingping Sun, Xiaomeng Wang, Jianru Liang, Lixiang Zhou
16S rRNA PCR amplification was performed utilising the DNA of this strain as a template, and gel electrophoresis showed that the gene sequence length of the amplified product was about 1542 bp. After sequencing, BLAST of NCBI was used to compare the measured gene sequence with the known sequence in the GenBank database. The result showed that the gene sequence of this isolated strain had more than 99% homology with several strains of Sphaerotilus sp. as exhibiting a phylogenetic tree given in Figure 4. Considering the morphological features combined with culture characteristics and genetic analyses, the isolated bacteria strain was identified as Sphaerotilus natans and named Z1.