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Eye-controlled augmentative and alternative communication system to improve communication quality between dysarthria patients and foreign caregivers in Taiwan
Published in Artde D.K.T. Lam, Stephen D. Prior, Siu-Tsen Shen, Sheng-Joue Young, Liang-Wen Ji, Smart Science, Design & Technology, 2019
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also referred to as motor neuron disease (MND), is a critical neurodegenerative disease. The postonset course of ALS is characterized by gradual difficulty in speaking and swallowing in patients. The disease also compromises limb movement. Eventually, the respiratory muscles are weakened, leading to breathing failure; thus, sustaining life is a difficult task (Murray, 2006). Because patients with ALS have complete mental and sensory functions, they suffer during the course of the disease. In Taiwan, the average annual incidence of ALS was 1.05 per 100,000, with the average age of onset being 52.5 years and the most common age of onset being between 65 and 69 years (Lai and Tseng, 2008). The average survival period after onset is 5.6 years (Lee, et al., 2013). Many studies have indicated that the quality of life of ALS patients is considerably affected by psychological factors (Felgoise, et al., 2016). Approximately 80% of patients with ALS progress to dysarthria, a speech disorder (Tomik and Guiloff, 2010). Most patients experience dysarthria and tetraplegia in the middle and late stages of the diseases. Patients who have lost oral communication ability might feel marginalized and ignored, leading to depression. In addition to experiencing communication problems in the normal course of the disease, many ALS patients receive tracheostomy procedures, which also cause difficulties in oral communication. Accordingly, ALS patients need caregivers’ help on all aspects of daily life. They require help in tasks such as drinking water, adjusting their postures, or ameliorating physical discomfort.
A Risk Assessment Model for Alzheimer’s Disease Using Fuzzy Cognitive Map
Published in J. Dinesh Peter, Steven Lawrence Fernandes, Carlos Eduardo Thomaz, Advances in Computerized Analysis in Clinical and Medical Imaging, 2019
S. Meenakshi Ammal, L. S. Jayashree
FCM is a powerful soft computing technique to design a human reasoning and inference ability system. FCM-based decision support system has been designed in various domain such as agriculture, structural health monitoring, engineering, medical, etc. Specifically in medical domain, the FCM-based decision support systems have been designed for various purposes (Stylios et al. 2008). A FCM model for radiation therapy (Papageorgiou et al. 2002) is designed for estimating radiation dose in the desired level, which maximizes the radiation dose to the tumor and minimizes the radiation dose to the normal tissues. The case based fuzzy cognitive map (CBFCM) incorporates heterogeneous clinical data from various sources of knowledge into a single clinical practice guidelines (CPG) to design a patient’s health record (Douali et al. 2013). CPG covers all the medical history of a patient such as signs, symptoms, biological factor, and genetic data, and it is tested for identifying cardiovascular disease (Douali and Jaulent 2013). FCM-based familial breast cancer (FBM) risk management system is constructed based on demographic risk factors to categorize the individuals into different level of risk (Papageorgiou et al. 2015). A web-based decision-making system is modeled to support dental implantation based on patient’s anatomical data (Lee et al. 2012). A diagnosis system in first level and UTI therapy in second level are designed to support clinicians to take correct decision in treatment plan (Papageorgiou et al. 2009). A hierarchical FCM is designed to diagnose speech disorder such as dysarthria and apraxia using speech and language pathologists (Georgopoulos et al. 2005).
A Survey of Technologies Facilitating Home and Community-Based Stroke Rehabilitation
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Xiaohua Sun, Jiayan Ding, Yixuan Dong, Xinda Ma, Ran Wang, Kailun Jin, Hexin Zhang, Yiwen Zhang
Language difficulty is a commonly seen symptom for people after stroke, manifested as the impairment of practically all linguistic abilities, such as difficulties in naming, pronouncing and writing, etc. (Sinanović et al., 2011). Patients are frequently diagnosed with speech disorders of various sorts and intensities, primarily aphasia and apraxia of speech, due to the affected Language function areas in the brain and the level of damage produced by stroke changing (Vidović et al., 2011). For middle-aged and senior stroke patients, treating speech impairments, which needs long-term rehabilitation, can be a complex and tough task.