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The Body as a Mechanical System
Published in R. S. Bridger, Introduction to Human Factors and Ergonomics, 2017
When viewed from the rear (Figure 2.6), it can be seen that the sacrum resembles the keystone of the arch. The load from above is transmitted through the innominates to the femoral heads. However, when viewed from above, the sacrum has the wrong shape for a keystone—it tends to slide forward, out of the arch (Figure 2.6). Under weight-bearing, the tendency for the sacrum to slide forward anteriorly is resisted by the strong ligaments between the sacrum and the ilia. It is these posterior sacroiliac ligaments that stabilize the joint between the sacrum and the ilia. DonTigny (1985) has pointed out that standing postures in which the person has to bend forward slightly from the hip (such as washing dishes at a sink) increase the tendency for the sacrum to be anteriorly displaced thereby increasing the tension in the sacroiliac ligaments. Small displacements of the sacrum can occur causing soft tissues to be “pinched” and cause pain (Figure 2.7). This pain can be mistaken for low back pain.
Influence of energy absorbers on Malgaigne fracture mechanism in lumbar-pelvic system under vertical impact load
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
K. Arkusz, T. Klekiel, G. Sławiński, R. Będziński
The maximum elongation of pelvic ligaments indicating elongation greater than 1% under vertical impact load were shown in Table 5. The analysis of the mechanism of Malgaigne fracture indicated that the first injury was anterior sacroiliac ligament tears in 4.3–5 ms (elongation: 14.78–17.93%). Next, microtrauma to the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments (elongation: 1.19–3.93%) was observed. The posterior sacroiliac ligament tears were observed after that stress recorded in left pelvic bone exceed the ultimate stress and indicated its fracture (8–8.5 ms).
Development of a flexible instrumented lumbar spine finite element model and comparison with in-vitro experiments
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Aleksander Leszczynski, Frank Meyer, Yann-Philippe Charles, Caroline Deck, Rémy Willinger
The five major ligaments around the pelvis were also modeled: Anterior Sacroiliac Ligament (ASL), Posterior Sacroiliac Ligament (PSL), Interosseous Ligament (IOL), Sacrospinous Ligament (SS) and Sacrotuberous Ligament (ST). Pelvic ligaments were meshed as spring elements (Figure 3b).