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Use of Halo-tolerant Bacteria to Improve the Bioactive Secondary Metabolites in Medicinally Important Plants under Saline Stress
Published in Ajar Nath Yadav, Ali Asghar Rastegari, Neelam Yadav, Microbiomes of Extreme Environments, 2021
The multiple effects on plant biochemical, molecular and physiological processes are collectively responsible for plant growth. But plant growth is greatly hampered under stressful environments by altering the ultra-structure of the organelles as well as the concentration of photosynthetic pigments (Wu and Kubota 2008). The photosynthetic pigments absorb energy from light, which is necessary for photosynthesis. Soil salinity is responsible for osmotic and ionic stresses in plants because of the generation of reactive oxygen results in oxidative stress and nutritional imbalances (Yang and Guo 2018). Such stress adversely affects the biochemical, molecular and ultimately physiological processes including transpiration, water relations, cellular homeostasis, enzymatic activities and photosynthesis, as well as gene expression patterns in plants (Deinlein et al. 2014).
Wastewater Treatment Operations
Published in Frank R. Spellman, Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 2020
The spectral composition of available light is also crucial in determining photosynthetic activity. The ability of photosynthetic organisms to utilize available light energy depends primarily upon their ability to absorb the available wavelengths. This absorption ability is determined by the specific photosynthetic pigment of the organism. The main photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls and phycobilins. Bacterial chlorophyll differs from algal chlorophyll in both chemical structure and absorption capacity. These differences allow the photosynthetic bacteria to live below dense algal layers where they can utilize light not absorbed by the algae (Lynch & Poole, 1979; Pearson, 2005).
Marine Benthic Productivity
Published in Yeqiao Wang, Coastal and Marine Environments, 2020
Bayden D. Russell, Sean D. Connell
As with all photosynthetic organisms, light availability is the largest determinant of primary productivity; without light there can be no photosynthesis. This is not a simple linear relationship, however, as many algae have adapted to increase photosynthetic efficiency under low light conditions (e.g., red algae in deep waters). Much of this relationship is determined by the type and quantity of photosynthetic pigments, which varies greatly among species and within species under different environmental conditions.[4]
Effects of intercropping on Se accumulation and growth of pakchoi, lettuce and radish
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Wen Tang, Wanjia Tang, Yongdong Xie, Xiaomei Li, Huanxiu Li, Lijin Lin, Zhi Huang, Bo Sun, Guochao Sun, Lihua Tu, Yi Tang
The contents of photosynthetic pigments reflect the photosynthetic capacity of plants and directly affect plant growth and development (Zhang et al. 2016). Intercropping has been shown to affect the contents of photosynthetic pigments in plants. For example, intercropping Solanum photeinocarpum with Ziziphus acidojujuba resulted in lower carotenoid contents in the leaves of Z. acidojujuba seedlings. The bushy nature of Solanum photeinocarpum shaded Ziziphus acidojujuba seedlings from sunlight, thus leading to lower biomass and plant height than monocultures (Wang et al. 2021). In this study, the contents of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) in the three crop species in different intercropping combinations were generally consistent with their biomass performance. Specifically, the photosynthetic pigment contents of radish were increased, while those of pakchoi were decreased when radish was intercropped with pakchoi. This may be attributed to uneven distribution of light caused by variations in plant structure of the two crop species (Berry and Bjorkman 1980). Moreover, studies have shown that during the growth of intercropped plants, allelochemicals secreted by the root system directly or indirectly affect related biochemical reactions in the plants, including photosynthetic pigment synthesis (Huang et al. 2005).
Silver nanoparticles strengthen Zea mays against toxic metal-related phytotoxicity via enhanced metal phytostabilization and improved antioxidant responses
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2023
Ayoade L. Adejumo, Luqmon Azeez, Tesleem O. Kolawole, Harun K. Aremu, Ifeoluwa Samuel Adedotun, Ruqoyyah D. Oladeji, Adebayo E. Adeleke, Monsurat Abdullah
Photosynthetic pigments serve an extremely crucial role in plants by increasing photosynthesis and stimulating the conversion of light energy to chemical energy (Panda et al.2020). The impairment of photosynthetic parameters is indicative of compromised plant health (Rasheed et al.2019). Z. mays cultivated with 15 and 20 mg mL−1 AgNPs showed a considerable rise in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid levels, which are key photosynthetic pigments (Figure 4). Gupta et al. (2018), Ogunkunle et al. (2020), and Azeez, Lateef, et al. (2019, Azeez, Adejumo, et al.2019; Azeez, Adebisi, et al.2022) previously showed that nanoparticles, particularly AgNPs, increased photosynthetic pigment parameters. Likewise, Azim, Singh, Khare, Singh, Amist, Niharika, Yadav (2022) reported that nanoparticles can activate redox characteristics in plants for improved photosynthetic pigments via water splitting and electron exchange. Furthermore, nanoparticles have the potential to scavenge reactive radicals that interfere with the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments (Ogunkunle et al.2020; Azeez, Adebisi, et al.2022). This study discovered that incorporating AgNPs into the soil increased photosynthetic parameters in Z. mays, as it was also shown that incorporating biochar obtained from coconut shells into the soil affected the rate of photosynthesis in Boehmeria nivea (Lan et al.2020). Given that AgNPs have been proven to possess antioxidant power against radicals, their application resulted in an improvement of the photosynthetic pathways by mopping up TM-induced radicals that interrupt the pathway (Azeez, Lateef, et al.2019; Azeez, Adejumo, et al.2019).
Alleviation of boron toxicity in plants: Mechanisms and approaches
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2021
Tianwei Hua, Rui Zhang, Hongwen Sun, Chunguang Liu
Photosynthetic pigments (mainly chlorophylls) are involved in the absorption and transfer of light energy in the process of photosynthesis. When plants were exposed to excess B, lower chlorophyll content in mature leaves and decreased photosynthetic rate have been observed in many studies (Camacho‐Cristóbal et al., 2008). Low chlorophyll production in plants might be due to B-induced peroxidation of chloroplast membranes and inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis (de Souza et al., 2019).