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Coronavirus
Published in Suman Lata Tripathi, Kanav Dhir, Deepika Ghai, Shashikant Patil, Health Informatics and Technological Solutions for Coronavirus (COVID-19), 2021
Coronaviruses belong to the order Nidovirales, whereby coronaviruses represent the major and largest group in Nidovirales under family Coronaviridae. Order Nidovirales comprises families Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae, Roniviridae and Mesoniviridae. Nidoviruses are enveloped, nonsegmented positive-strand RNA viruses that have certain distinctive characteristics [8,11]. Family Coronaviridae comprises two subfamilies, Coronavirinae and Torovirinae. Coronaviruses are principally placed and studied under the Coronavirinae subfamily; the other subfamily Torovirinae comprises genus Toroviruses which are known to cause infections in cattle, horses and swine, and Bafiniviruses which are known to cause infection in fishes [12]. Members of both Coronavirinae and Torovirinae differ from each other in the virion structure. Members of subfamily Coronavirinae have a flexible nucleocapsid under an envelope whereas members of subfamily Torovirinae have a peculiar doughnut-shaped nucleocapsid.
A time delay dynamic system with external source for the local outbreak of 2019-nCoV
Published in Applicable Analysis, 2022
Yu Chen, Jin Cheng, Yu Jiang, Keji Liu
In late December 2019, a cluster of serious pneumonia cases in Wuhan was caused by a novel coronavirus, and the outbreak of pneumonia began to attract considerable attention in the world. Coronaviruses are enveloped nonsegmented positive-sense RNA viruses belonging to the family Coronaviridae and the order Nidovirales which are discovered and characterized in 1965 and are broadly distributed in humans and other mammals. In humans, most of the coronaviruses cause mild respiratory infections, but rarer forms such as the ‘Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome’ (SARS) outbreak in 2003 in China and the ‘Middle East Respiratory Syndrome’ (MERS) outbreak in 2012 in Saudi Arabia and outbreak in 2015 in South Korea had cased more than 10000 cumulative cases. In more details, there are more than 8000 confirmed SARS cases and 2200 confirmed MERS 2000 cases separately. Although a lot of coronaviruses had been identified and characterized, they might be a tip of the iceberg and lots of potential severe and novel zoonotic coronaviruses needed to be revealed.
COVID-19;-The origin, genetics,and management of the infection of mothers and babies
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2020
Hassan Ih El-Sayyad, Yousef Ka Abdalhafid
Coronaviruses(CoVs) are a large group of viruses belongings to the Family Coronaviridae; in the Order, Nidovirales. They are common in many animals, including humans. Most CoVs infect bats [1]). Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) which is a viral respiratory disease caused by the MERS-CoV was transmitted directly to humans from dromedary camels [2,3]. In addition, it has been suggested that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which caused severe acute respiratory Syndrome emerged from at seafood market in Wuhan, China [4,5].