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Legal Implication of Blockchain Technology in Public Health
Published in Chinmay Chakraborty, Digital Health Transformation with Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence, 2022
Jayanta Ghosh, Ardhendu Sekhar Nanda
Singapore Medical Council (SMC) is empowered by Medical Registration Act to regulate the ethics and guidelines for the medical profession. The body’s stability would appreciate some technological achievements, especially in the recent time of the pandemic. The doctor’s and patient’s discussions about treatment are kept private. SMC cases and ethical norms such as the SMC Code & Guidelines have clearly stated this. The law on this is based on English law, which, while not binding, is regarded as very important in Singapore because no equivalent examples exist. Many of the concepts relating to secrecy, likewise incorporated in the SMC Code & Guidelines, are codified in the Personal Data Protection Act. A patient’s right to informational privacy is protected by law. Medical information that identifies a living or deceased person is classified as personal information under the law. Healthcare facilities are mandated by the Personal Data Protection Act to ensure that medical information collected is essential, accurate and complete. They must also adopt appropriate security arrangements to prevent unauthorized access, use, or disclosure of medical information transmitted outside of Singapore and ensure that medical information moved outside of Singapore is similarly protected by a recipient individual or organization. The patient has the right to see their medical records, to have information about how they are used, and to have any inaccurate personal information corrected. Banking is the new challenge as there’s a scope of “crypto bank” amid the crypto-friendly nature of the nation [20].
Deep Learning Techniques to Classify and Analyze Medical Imaging Data
Published in Chiranji Lal Chowdhary, Intelligent Systems, 2019
Dharm Singh Jat, Chucknorris Garikayi Madamombe
According to Singh and Singh (2018), the use of computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) to assess scans of women can detect approximately 52% of cancer before the women were diagnosed officially. Ker et al. (2017) noted that machine learning algorithms can be used in various disciplines of medicine including the discovery of drugs, decision-making in clinical. In addition, the use of machine learning algorithms can change by a huge margin the way in which medicine is practiced to date. The power of machine learning algorithms in recent years has come at a time when the medical records are being digitized. Unlike in the past when medical records were mainly paper-based, these days, most medical records are being stored electronically. Machine learning algorithms cannot work with paper based medical records. They can only work if the medical records are digitized. This means that these machine learning algorithms has come at the right time when the medical records are now being digitized.
US cybersecurity and privacy regulations
Published in Abbas Moallem, Human-Computer Interaction and Cybersecurity Handbook, 2018
The act covered both privacy and security issues and defined for many the distinction between the two. The security requirement reads as follows: “The HIPAA Security Rule establishes national standards to protect individuals’ electronic personal health information that is created, received, used, or maintained by a covered entity. The Security Rule requires appropriate administrative, physical and technical safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and security of electronic protected health information” (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2017a). Security was focused on the safety of the data, whereas privacy rules protected individuals. The privacy rule adds that “the HIPAA Privacy Rule establishes national standards to protect individuals’ medical records and other personal health information and applies to health plans, healthcare clearinghouses, and those healthcare providers that conduct certain healthcare transactions electronically. The Rule requires appropriate safeguards to protect the privacy of personal health information, and sets limits and conditions on the uses and disclosures that may be made of such information without patient authorization” (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2017b).
De-sexing the Medical Record? An Examination of Sex Versus Gender Identity in the General Medical Council’s Trans Healthcare Ethical Advice
Published in The New Bioethics, 2020
The GMC advice changes the medical meaning of biological sex in the clinical record, as they stipulate that patients must be allowed to change the marker for sex upon request. The GMC also appears to minimise the importance of sex, when they state that doctors must avoid communicating about gender history unless directly relevant and with explicit permission, which in practice reads as a prohibition on mentioning the natal sex of trans patients. Medical records are kept in order to accurately document clinically salient information about a patient, important to continuity of care. The doctor is responsible for producing a factual, faithful representation of a patient’s medical history, which can be understood by other professionals who may later need to provide care for said patient. Furthermore, amendments to records are generally given some explanatory detail, for instance if the wrong test result was previously documented in error. In light of standard clinical practice, the GMC advice regarding altering sex in medical documentation might raise some questions.
An improved electronic medical record system (IEMRS) using oblivious transfer
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2019
The electronic medical record system (EMRS) maintains all kinds of patient medical information, such as the individual’s family disease history, past diagnoses and procedures, test results and medications, diet and exercise habits. Usually, these medical records are stored in the cloud server, such a mechanism significantly reduces storage costs and the management burden on hospitals and patients. Many EMRS projects have been developed, for instance, the American EMRS plan (Hesse et al. 2010) was proposed in 2004 with the aim to connect the majority of Americans to the EMRS before 2014. In 2010, the Member States of the European Union also announced their EMRS project (Fernández-Alemán et al. 2013). Following those projects, many EMRS undertakings have been proposed, such as the Indivo (Mandl et al. 2007), Google Health and Microsoft Health Vault (Do et al. 2011). Up to now, people benefit from those EMRS projects (PHWG 2003), such that patients can easily understand doctors’ instructions, and doctors can use the EMRS to manage the patients’ information more efficiently. Also, the medical errors can be reduced when compared to conventional diagnosis methods.
Analytics on medical records collected from a distributed system deployed in the Indian rural demographic
Published in Journal of Management Analytics, 2018
K.G. Srinivasa, Sriram Anupindi, Arvind Kumar
A medical record is the systematic documentation of a patient's entire medical history and care across time. Medical records have been implemented in a number of urban establishments, but have yet to penetrate the rural environment. In a traditional record system, each patient is identified by a unique identifier for which a folder is created and assigned. This folder would contain the entire medical history of the patient, including all the inpatient, outpatient and immunization records. The traditional approach of medical records faces significant criticism such as Large physical spaces being assigned for the storage of records.Records being prone to physical damage such as fire, flooding, and theft.A detailed complex catalog required to be maintained in order to retrieve various medical records.Records not being portable, and being difficult for patients to access.