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Associations between Genetic Polymorphisms and Heart Rate Variability
Published in Herbert F. Jelinek, David J. Cornforth, Ahsan H. Khandoker, ECG Time Series Variability Analysis, 2017
Anne Voigt, Jasha W. Trompf, Mikhail Tamayo, Ethan Ng, Yuling Zhou, Yaxin Lu, Slade Matthews, Brett D. Hambly, Herbert F. Jelinek
Attention has largely been focused on genes encoding the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). In diabetic neuropathy and HRV variability, it has been identified as a candidate gene in regard to its role in HRV. Differences in ACE concentration in plasma between individuals were linked to a major gene polymorphism (Rigat et al. 1990). ACE is a central player in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) (Kennon et al. 1999), a cardiovascular regulatory system, which regulates cardiovascular function and BP (Nishikino et al. 2006). RAS has been shown to be elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (Sharma 2004), suggesting a link to CAN. ACE is involved in the activation of angiotensin II (Ang II), through which vascular contraction, renal function, fluid homeostasis, and sympathetic nerve activity are regulated. Ang II also leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing oxidative stress and damaging NO synthases (Elton et al. 2010).
The Genetics of Metal Tolerance and Accumulation in Higher Plants
Published in Norman Terry, Gary Bañuelos, of Contaminated Soil and Water, 2020
Mark R. Macnair, Gavin H. Tilstone, Susanne E. Smith
For instance, the systems studied in most detail are copper tolerance in Mimulus guttatus (Macnair, 1983; Smith and Macnair, 1998) and in S. vulgaris (Schat and Ten Bookum, 1992a, Schat et al., 1993). In both species, a single major gene has been found in most populations studied, though in S. vulgaris the most tolerant population also has an additional additive major gene. However, in both species individual tolerant plants vary in the degree of tolerance they manifest.
Pulsed electric field promotes the growth metabolism of aerobic denitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas putida W207-14 by improving cell membrane permeability
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Fan Wang, Liang Li, Xuejie Li, Xiaomin Hu, Bo Zhang
The effect of PEF on the aerobic denitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas putida W207-14 in stationary phase at the same growth time (24 h) was analyzed by transcriptomic. In all transcripts, a total of 5661 genes were mapped in the genome of Pseudomonas putida. The cluster analysis heatmap was used to evaluate the difference between each sample. As shown in Figure 6, the gene expression among biological replicates in each group was similar before and after PEF treatment, which reflected the high repeatability. For different samples, PEF induced obvious transcriptional changes, resulting in significant differences in gene expression before and after PEF treatment. Among all mapped genes, a total of 1860 genes were differentially expressed by DEGs analysis with the screening condition of log2 |Fold Change|> 1 and qValue <.05, including 1201 up-regulated genes and 659 down-regulated genes. They were annotated into three major gene functional classifications including biological process (BP), cellular component (CC) and molecular function (MF). Among them, more DEGs were enriched at membrane (GO:0016020) and membrane part (GO:0044425) GO terms in cellular component, accounting for 6.70% and 5.71%, respectively.
Effect of river water exposition on adhesion and invasion abilities of Salmonella Oranienburg and Saintpaul
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2018
Mitzi Dayanira Estrada-Acosta, Karina Ramirez, José Andrés Medrano-Félix, Nohelia Castro-Del Campo, Hector S. López-Moreno, Maribel Jimenez Edeza, Jaime Martínez-Urtaza, Cristóbal Chaidez
Brief genome analysis using RAST servers for gene content, revealed the presence of genes related to virulence and genes related to regulators in the nucleotide sequences of Salmonella Oranienburg S76, Saintpaul S70, and Typhimurium. Another gene set was grouped in the subsystems for motility and stress response, which Salmonella Oranienburg and Saintpaul showed major gene content compared to Salmonella Typhimurium. (Table 1). We found the presence of adhesion and invasion genes sip(B,C,D), inv (A,B,C,E,G,H,J), spa (O,P,R,S), sopB, sicA, orgA and iagB were identified in S. Saintpaul S70 and S. Oranienburg S76, while sopE and sipA were absent in S. Saintpaul S70. Our analysis showed that both serotypes contain virulence gene profiles that may be used to distinctive functional variation and pathogenicity and confer the ability to adhere and to invade epithelial cells.
Discovery of genetic risk factors for disease
Published in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2018
The observation that a major gene could significantly increase multiple births in sheep (Davis et al. 1982) stimulated early efforts to apply genetic mapping methods to understand the control of ovulation rate and search for other major genes in New Zealand sheep flocks (Montgomery et al. 1992). At the time, genome mapping efforts were just beginning, there were few genetic markers for sheep and no sheep genetic map. We developed genetic markers, including many known genes to compare back to developing human and mouse maps (Montgomery et al. 1995), and built the first genetic map for sheep (Crawford et al. 1995). We applied the techniques to search for the Booroola twinning gene, eliminating some obvious candidates (Montgomery et al. 1990), and successfully mapped the gene to sheep chromosome 6 in 1993 (Montgomery et al. 1993). This was the first production trait mapped in livestock. Parallel studies had discovered an additional major gene in New Zealand flocks (the Inverdale gene) on the X chromosome and, with further mapping studies, we identified the genes and mutations responsible for both the Booroola and Inverdale phenotypes (Galloway et al. 2000; Wilson et al. 2001). The mutations turned out to be in genes for the receptor and ligand in the ovarian signalling pathway for bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15). Our success led to other studies, and multiple mutations have now been reported in sheep strains in both BMP15 and the closely related signalling molecule growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9). Physiological and genotype-phenotype studies of strains carrying the different mutations have contributed significantly to greater understanding of ovarian function and control of ovulation rate (Monniaux 2016).