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Microbial Biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2020
Insertion sequences are transposable genetic elements that carry no known genes except those that are required for transposition. Insertion sequences are small stretches of DNA that have repeated sequences, which are involved in transposition, at their ends. In between the terminal repeated sequences there are genes involved in transposition and sequences that can control the expression of the genes, but no other nonessential genes are present. The introduction of an insertion sequence into a bacterial gene will result in the inactivation of the gene. The sites at which plasmids insert into the bacterial chromosome are at or near the insertion sequence in the chromosome. In Salmonella, there are two genes that code for two antigenically different flagellar antigens. The expression of these genes is regulated by an insertion sequence.
Microbial biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2018
Insertion sequences are transposable genetic elements that carry no known genes except those that are required for transposition. Insertion sequences are small stretches of DNA that have, at their ends, repeated sequences, which are involved in transposition. In between the terminal repeated sequences, there are genes involved in transposition and sequences that can control the expression of the genes, but no other nonessential genes are present. The introduction of an insertion sequence into a bacterial gene will result in the inactivation of the gene. The sites at which plasmids insert into the bacterial chromosome are at or near the insertion sequence in the chromosome. In Salmonella, there are two genes that code for two antigenically different flagellar antigens. The expression of these genes is regulated by an insertion sequence.
Glossary of scientific and technical terms in bioengineering and biological engineering
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Scientific and Technical Terms in Bioengineering and Biological Engineering, 2018
Transposition is the process whereby a transposon or insertion sequence inserts itself into a new site on the same or another DNA molecule. The exact mechanism is not fully understood and different transposons may transpose by different mechanisms. Transposition in bacteria does not require extensive DNA homology between the transposon and the target DNA.
Toxicity, monitoring and biodegradation of organophosphate pesticides: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2019
Gurpreet Kaur Sidhu, Simranjeet Singh, Vijay Kumar, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Shivika Datta, Joginder Singh
None of the mpd genes have shown similarity (>20%) to opd or other OP-degrading gene (Cui, Li, & Fu, 2001). Largely these genes are found on the bacterial chromosome with an exception of Pseudomonas putida WBC-3, in which the gene was present on 70 kb plasmid (Liu, Zhang, Wang, Zhang, & Zhou, 2005). This mpd gene present on the plasmid was found to be identical to a chromosomal mpd gene of bacterial strain, Plesiomonas sp. M6 isolated in china and it confirms the horizontal transfer of gene (Cui et al., 2001). Additionally, sequencing results from this region of chain has confirmed the horizontal transformation as the same was present in strains of Ochrobactrum, Stentrophomonas and Achromobacter (Yang, Liu, Guo, & Qiao, 2006; Zhang et al., 2005). On examining, the chromosomal DNA of seven distinct species showedthe positive result for the presence of this mpd gene, likewise it also uncovered downstream of the mpd open reading frame (ORF) which is insertion sequence of 880 nucleotides comprising flanked transposase along with inverted repeats (Zhang et al., 2006). Three related ORFs encoded the consecutive sequence have sequence similarity with secretory and transporter protein, thus it is assumed that this may play a crucial role in the secretion and transport of endogenous methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH) (Zhang et al., 2006).