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Case studies: urgent decisions in interventional radiology
Published in William H. Bush, Karl N. Krecke, Bernard F. King, Michael A. Bettmann, Radiology Life Support (Rad-LS), 2017
Discussion Hematomas are relatively common following interventional procedures. Although data are relatively sparse, it is logical to assume that the incidence and severity of hematomas increase with increasing catheter size and with use of anticoagulation therapy. There is no evidence to support the idea that the incidence or severity increase with the use of antiplatelet therapy, such as aspirin or ticlopidine. Most hematomas are self-limiting and of no consequence. Hematomas can occasionally (but rarely) be large enough to require blood transfusions, and sometimes they may be related to inadvertent puncture of the femoral artery above the inguinal ligament, with retroperitoneal bleeding. This is generally also self-limiting, but may require surgical repair.
Design of Abdominal Wall Hernioplasty Meshes Guided by Mechanobiology and the Wound Healing Response
Published in Jiro Nagatomi, Eno Essien Ebong, Mechanobiology Handbook, 2018
Shawn J. Peniston, Karen J.L. Burg, Shalaby W. Shalaby
The abdominal cavity is approximated by the spine and back muscles posteriorly, the pelvic cavity inferiorly, and the thoracic cavity superiorly. Theoretically, the abdominal cavity possesses the necessary support to resist herniation. However, herniation in the inguinal region occurs through the myopectineal orifice, as described by Fagan and Awad [36]. The myopectineal orifice is quadrangular in shape and is divided superiorly and inferiorly by the inguinal ligament, which runs from the anterior-superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle (Figure 29.3). The myopectineal orifice is perforated in the medial-lateral triangle by the spermatic cord and in the femoral triangle by the femoral artery and vein.
Cardiovascular system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Figures 9.35a,b show the major branches of the thoracic and abdominal aorta. The abdominal aorta bifurcates into the right and left common iliac arteries, usually at the level of L4. Each common iliac artery further divides into the internal iliac artery, which supplies the pelvis, and the external iliac artery, which continues down the leg to become the common femoral artery (CFA) once it crosses below the inguinal ligament. A few centimetres below the inguinal ligament the CFA divides into the deep (profunda femoris, PFA) and superficial femoral (SFA) arteries.
Does creatine supplementation affect recovery speed of impulse above critical torque?
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2023
Leonardo Henrique Perinotto Abdalla, Ryan Michael Broxterman, Thomas Jackson Barstow, Camila Coelho Greco, Benedito Sérgio Denadai
The electrically evoked contractions were induced by a high voltage constant current stimulator (DS7A; Digitimer, Welwyn Garden City, United Kingdom), which delivered a unique square wave stimulus of 1 ms duration at (1 Hz), with a voltage maximum of 400 V, to the femoral nerve. A monopolar cathode (0.5 cm in diameter, Dermatrode; American Imex, Irvine, CA, USA) was placed over the femoral nerve at the level of the femoral triangle below the inguinal ligament. The anode (5 cm x 10 cm; Compex, Ecublens, Switzerland) was placed at the bottom of the gluteal fold opposite the cathode (Neyroud et al., 2012). These sites were marked on the skin and used as a reference for subsequent visits. The intensity for the supramaximal stimuli was determined during familiarization, increasing the intensity of the current until the maximum contraction torque was obtained (that is, when an increase in the intensity of the stimulus did not produce an increase in the amplitude of the contraction). The stimulation intensity was then increased by 30% to guarantee supramaximal stimuli. Every 12 contractions (i.e. 1 min) during the ET + 10% tests and immediately after task failure, electrical stimuli were administered 1.5 s into the MVC and 1.5 s after the MVC, to obtain measures of superimposed and potentiated contraction torques, respectively. However, for this retrospective analysis only the data related to the electrical stimulus applied 1.5 s after the MVC were used, as these are assessments of peripheral fatigue.
Corticospinal and intracortical excitability is modulated in the knee extensors after acute strength training
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2022
Razie J Alibazi, Ashlyn K Frazer, Alan J Pearce, Jamie Tallent, Janne Avela, Dawson J Kidgell
Direct muscle responses were obtained under resting conditions from the right rectus femoris by supra-maximal percutaneous electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve approximately 3–5 cm below the inguinal ligament in the femoral triangle. A digitimer (Hertfordshire. UK) DS7A constant-current electrical stimulator (pulse duration 1 ms) was used to deliver each electrical pulse. The cathode was placed over the femoral nerve in the femoral triangle with the anode positioned between the greater trochanter and iliac crest. An increase in current strength was applied to the femoral nerve until there was no further increase in the amplitude of sEMG response (MMAX). To ensure maximal responses, the current was increased an additional 20% and the average MMAX was obtained from five stimuli, with a period of 6–9 s separating each stimulus (Ansdell, Brownstein et al. 2020)
Muscle activation and local muscular fatigue during a 12-minute rotational bridge
Published in Sports Biomechanics, 2019
Sally D. Lark, James A. Dickie, James A. Faulkner, Matthew J. Barnes
The rectus abdominis electrodes were placed 3 cm lateral and 2 cm superior of the umbilicus (Hibbs et al., 2011). The external oblique electrodes were positioned midway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the rib cage (Youdas et al., 2008). The internal oblique electrodes were placed in the centre of a triangle formed by the inguinal ligament, outer edge of the rectus sheath and a line from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus (García-Vaquero et al., 2012; Youdas et al., 2008). The lumbar erector spinae electrodes were positioned 3 cm lateral to the posterior spinous process at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae (García-Vaquero et al., 2012; Lehman et al., 2005), while the thoracic erector spinae electrodes were positioned 4 cm lateral to the spinous process at the level of the ninth thoracic vertebrae (Potvin, Norman, & McGill, 1996; Vera-Garcia, Moreside, & McGill, 2010). Finally, the latissimus dorsi electrodes were placed 4 cm below the inferior tip of the scapula and midway between the spine and lateral edge of the torso (Hibbs et al., 2011). All electrode pairs were placed on the participant’s hand dominant side, as motor control symmetry was assumed between both sides of the body (McGill, Cannon, & Andersen, 2014). It is acknowledged that some muscle crosstalk is likely to have occurred, however, this effect was minimised through precise land marks and guidelines for electrode placement of each muscle (Ekstrom et al., 2007; Hislop, Avers, Brown, & Daniels, 2014).