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Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Smart Cities Development
Published in Anirbid Sircar, Gautami Tripathi, Namrata Bist, Kashish Ara Shakil, Mithileysh Sathiyanarayanan, Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Smart Energy, 2022
Kamakshi Rayavarapu, Anirbid Sircar, Namrata Bist, Kriti Yadav
According to The Conversation, 2020, which is an online source of a thought-provoking article, it says that heat map is a graphical representation of numerical data that use different colours to represent distinct data points within the data set. Heat maps have the advantage of converting complex numerical data into visual representations that can be comprehended at a glance. “Hot” colours indicate high user engagement, while “cold” colours indicate low user engagement. So technology has impacted the globe from a different perspective of living throughout the last 40 years. In this pandemic crisis, technology has a lot to contribute. Perhaps technology will not be able to cure COVID-19, but it will be able to stop COVID-19 from spreading at such a rapid rate. From a map perspective, the heat map solution delivers greater in-depth insights into visitor behaviours, as well as visitor flow (Khan et al., 2021). Everyone follow every consumer and gain insight from the minute they enter into the location until the moment they make a purchase using visitor flow analysis. “Figure 8.10 shows the COVID-19 heat maps helps in pandemic war.”
Risk Assessor's Toolbox
Published in Charles Yoe, Principles of Risk Analysis, 2019
A heat map is described by Wikipedia as “a graphical representation of data where the individual values contained in a matrix are represented as colors.” The term “heat map” was originally coined and trademarked by software designer Cormac Kinney in 1991, but the trademark lapsed, and the term has come to be used for an array of color-coded representations of data. As used here, a heat map is a type of risk matrix (treated in more detail elsewhere in this chapter), where the intensity or heat of the risk, as measured by consequence and probability, is conveyed by the color of the corresponding matrix cell. There are many ways to display heat maps, but they all share the use of color to communicate relative risks. A risk matrix heat map is a special adaptation of this technique.
Scalar Visualization
Published in Alexandru Telea, Data Visualization, 2014
Figure 5.2(d) shows a colormap typically known as a heat map, or heated body colormap. The intuition behind its colors is that they represent the color of an object heated at increasing temperature values, with black corresponding to low data values, red-orange hues for intermediate data ranges, and yellow-white hues for the high data values respectively [Borland and Taylor 07, Moreland 09]. Compared to the rainbow colormap, the heat map uses a smaller set of hues, but adds luminance as a way to order colors in an intuitive manner. Compared to the two-hue colormap, the heat map uses more hues, thus allowing one to discriminate between more data values. Eliminating the right end of the colormap (thus, using yellow rather than white for the highest data value) allows using this colormap also for non-compact domains displayed on a white background. However, its strong dependence on luminance makes the heat map less suitable for color coding data on 3D shaded surfaces, just as the two-hue nonisoluminant colormaps. Together with the grayscale map, the heat map is a popular choice for medical data visualization.
Understanding Online Consumer Behavior at E-commerce Portals Using Eye-Gaze Tracking
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Heat maps are graphical representations of data in colors where individual values are represented in matrix form. Heat maps have been actively used to plot eye-gaze and graphical interface evaluation. Heat maps act as a tool to demonstrate the visual effectiveness of an interface. Heat maps may help understand eye-gaze fixation results of this experiment. Heat maps give information on how the visual attention of users is distributed over the interface and provides qualitative understanding of users’ attention. Heat maps are used by many as a data visualization tool for eye-gaze tracking data and to measure the amount of visual attention of users (Djamasbi & Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2014; Djamasbi et al., 2010; Seo et al., 2012). The cumulative eye gaze fixation data were represented using a heat map, and the colors on it represent fixations of users. The blue color represents the highest fixation level, followed by light blue and yellow color in decreasing order of attention. The areas without any color receive no gaze fixation. The gaze fixations of the participants using heat map representation on Amazon and Flipkart web pages are discussed below.
Deep learning– just data or domain related knowledge adds value?: bus travel time prediction as a case study
Published in Transportation Letters, 2022
M.A. Nithishwer, B. Anil Kumar, Lelitha Vanajakshi
Heat map is a graphical representation of data, where the individual values contained in a matrix are represented in colors (Wilkinson and Friendly 2009). In general, larger values would be represented by red color or black squares and smaller values by green color or white squares. Analyses were carried out for various trends such as (i) Day of the week, (ii) Variations within a day, i.e. hourly trends, and (iii) Spatial variations across the considered route. To start with, visual analysis was carried out to understand spatial and temporal variations in travel time using heatmaps as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1(a) shows a heat map that was created with segments (on x-axis) and travel times observed in each of segments with reference to their entry time (on y-axis) into the corresponding segment to identify variations in travel time. Figure 1(b) shows the variation in travel time over each day of the week.
Exploring Internet Meme Activity during COVID-19 Lockdown Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Published in Applied Artificial Intelligence, 2022
Ishaani Priyadarshini, Jyotir Moy Chatterjee, R. Sujatha, Nz Jhanjhi, Ali Karime, Mehedi Masud
Heat Map is an effective way of data visualization and depicts the value of the attribute by mapping to the corresponding class It’s commonly used in the biomedical field for analyzing datasets in an explorative manner. Figures 7 and 8 illustrate the Heat Map for the internet meme activity in social networks during the COVID-19 lockdown period with k-means 8 and 15 clustering options with row type. Various techniques like distributions, scatter plots, and so on are available for any scale of the dataset. Based on the requirement and nature of data, a particular technique could be utilized.