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Ethical and Professional Issues in Epidemiology
Published in Jyoti Mishra, Ritu Agarwal, Abdon Atangana, Mathematical Modeling and Soft Computing in Epidemiology, 2020
Manoj Dubey, Ramakant Bhardwaj, Jyoti Mishra
Epidemiology is concerned with studying the various reasons for the sudden increase in human outbreaks. In the case of epidemics, due to the prevalence of infectious and fatal diseases, and the sudden increase in the spread area, the number of diseases increases dramatically, so that a type of medical emergency situation arises. This scripture not only discusses the outbreak of pandemonium, but also deals with the study of the collective effects of any disease or disorder on the public in both ordinary and pandemic conditions. Under this science, apart from parasitic bacterial infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases prevailing in the public and the condition of the body are also discussed. For this reason, the field of epidemiology has become more extensive. Therefore, we can say that the knowledge of the correlation between different causes and conditions that determine the frequency and distribution of any infectious, functional disorder, or disease within the medical field is epidemiological.
The intestinal microbiota in health and disease
Published in Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2020
Andrew S. Day, Jacqueline I. Keenan, Gerald W. Tannock
Finally, Heenan et al. (2020) examine the relevance of the intestinal microbiota in the setting of irritable bowel disease (IBS), a common functional disorder leading to significant morbidity in New Zealanders. Perturbations of the intestinal microbiota following an enteric infection, such as Campylobacter pylori, are noted to lead to increased rates of IBS (Svendsen et al. 2019). These observations lead us to further understand the importance of the fine-tuned balance within the community of the intestinal microbiota and also to demonstrate the close relationships between the microbiota, the enteric nervous system and intestinal motility, highlighting the likelihood that these interactions are not isolated to immediate relationships within the gut, but may also involve the gut-brain axis and other body systems.