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Trends in Biotechnology
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2020
The branch of pathology that determines the cause of death by examination of the victim’s body tissues is called forensic pathology. The post-mortem autopsy is performed by the forensic pathologist at the request of a medical doctor or examiner. The forensic pathologist processes the tissues using biochemical and microscopic techniques to determine the cause of death. The biochemical and cytological data obtained from the victim’s body are compared with those of normal tissues to conclude what was the cause of the death. Additionally, forensic pathologists write a report to approve the identity of a victim.
Understanding Failed Software Projects through Forensic Analysis
Published in Journal of Computer Information Systems, 2022
William H. Money, Stephen H. Kaisler, Stephen J. Cohen
We have utilized the term “Project Autopsy” to mean the application of forensic analysis principles and procedures to determining the how and the why a project has failed. Analogous to medical autopsy, we looked to other fields such as law enforcement, forensic pathology, and military battle damage assessment for digital forensic methods to develop a framework for software project forensic analysis. This framework yielded questions that must be asked and data that must be gathered to discover processes, events and patterns of decision-making in software project management that lead to software project failure. This approach addresses a software project failure as an event that can (perhaps) be avoided and not as a foregone conclusion as a number of researchers have noted.23–25
The Development and Implementation of an Autopsy/ Tissue Donation for Breast Cancer Research
Published in The New Bioethics, 2021
Margaret Rosenzweig, Lori A. Miller, Adrian V. Lee, Steffi Oesterreich, Humberto E. Trejo Bittar, Jennifer M. Atkinson, Ann Welsh
At the time of death: At death, the coordinator arranges for the body to be transported to the morgue, alerts the pathologist who will perform the autopsy/tissue donation and alerts the research lab personnel to be in place for tissue processing. The pathology team makes tremendous effort to perform the autopsy/tissue donation as soon as the patient arrives at the morgue, optimally within 6 h. All pathology aspects are handled by the Autopsy and Forensic Pathology Center of Excellence / Decedent Affairs Service of UPMC. The clinical coordinator and the pathologist at the time of autopsy/tissue donation review recent CT scans and clinical notes to delineate the areas with the heaviest tumour burden. A research autopsy/tissue donation including sampling of all known tumour as well as lesions suspicious for malignancy, is performed within 4–6 h of the patient’s death. The brain is only autopsied if there is known metastatic disease. The autopsy/tissue donation is performed in a manner that allows for an open casket viewing. Samples are collected in tubes containing tissue culture media (DMEM containing 1x penn/strep, 0.25ug/ml amphotericin B) and stored on ice. De-identified tumour and normal (control) tissue samples are delivered to the laboratory. The body is then transported to patient’s funeral home. A note of sympathy is sent to the family, expressing the gratitude of the team, for the invaluable contribution to breast cancer research.
The need to improve information on road user type in National Vital Statistics System mortality data
Published in Traffic Injury Prevention, 2019
Karin A. Mack, Holly Hedegaard, Michael F. Ballesteros, Margaret Warner, James Eames, Erin Sauber-Schatz
The NVSS data file used for statistical analysis is based on information gathered from death certificates. Most MVC deaths are investigated by a coroner or medical examiner, who then completes and submits the death certificate to the state vital registrar. States provide death certificate information to NCHS, where coding software and trained nosologists assign the ICD-10 codes for underlying and contributory causes of death based on the literal text and other information provided on the death certificate (CDC, NCHS 2003). The death investigation and certification process can vary substantially within and between states because some states have a centralized death investigation system, whereas other states have a county- or district-level system. Moreover, some states use medical examiners, who are often physicians trained in forensic pathology, whereas other states use coroners, who are typically elected officials and often are not physicians. Variation also exists in state training requirements; some states have no training requirements, whereas other states require coroners to be physicians (Hanzlick 2007, 2014). Our study examined the differences between these systems and found that there appeared to be a difference in reporting of occupant versus unspecified based on the type of death investigation system. The ratio of NVSS unspecified to occupant deaths was high in the group of states with a county/district-based coroner (1.21) and low in the group of states with a county/district-based medical examiner (0.78).