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Microbiological Quality of Environmental Samples
Published in Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver, Microbiological Examination of Water and Wastewater, 2018
Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver
One group of protozoans is called flagellates. These organisms are typically spindle-shaped with flagella projections from the front end. An example of a flagellate that is a human parasite is Giardia lamhlia. The parasite is found in the small intestine of humans and other mammals. It is passed out of the intestine and survives as a cyst before being ingested by the next host. It is the cause of a prolonged diarrheal disease in humans called giardiasis. The disease often persists for weeks and is characterized by weakness, nausea, weight loss, and abdominal cramp. The parasite sometimes occupies a very large place in the intestinal wall and disturbs absorption. Most outbreaks in the United States are transmitted by contaminated water supplies. The problem is that the cyst is not sensitive to the regular disinfection by chlorine in the concentration recommended for drinking water. The best treatment is the filtration of the water supply to remove the cysts. Giardia lamblia trophozoite and cysts are shown in Figure 7.3.
Wastewater Spawned Infectious Disease
Published in Frank R. Spellman, Fundamentals of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology, 2021
Flagellates (flagellated protozoa) have a single, long hair-like or whip-like projection (flagella) that is used to propel the free-swimming organisms through wastewater and to attract food (see Figure 10.3). Flagellated protozoans are normally associated with poor treatment and a young biosolids. When the free-swimming ciliated protozoan is the predominate organisms, the plant effluent will contain large amounts of BODs and suspended solids.
Water Microbiology
Published in Frank R. Spellman, Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 2020
Flagellates (flagellated protozoa) have a single, long hair-like or whip-like projection (flagella) that is used to propel the free-swimming organisms through wastewater and to attract food (see Figure 10.3). Flagellated protozoans are normally associated with poor treatment and young biosolids. When the free-swimming ciliated protozoan is the predominant organism, the plant effluent will contain large amounts of BODs and suspended solids.
Bioremediation and decontamination potential of flagellate Poteriospumella sp.
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2019
Tahira Syed, Uzma Batool, Muhammad Aslam, Zobia Noreen, Ifra Farheen, Asif Gondal, Syed Muhammad Usman Shah, Sandra Pucciarelli, Habib Bokhari
It is estimated that 2.5 billion people worldwide lack proper sanitation facilities, and nearly half of that population do not have access to safe drinking water (Moe and Rheingans 2006). Water contamination due to hazardous materials such as heavy metals and infectious agents are major threat to public health worldwide. Heavy metals as wells as waterborne pathogen i.e. V. cholerae get access to the food chain through industrial effluent and sewage waste respectively. V. cholerae being endemic in more than 30 countries of the world including Pakistan is constantly contaminating our environment and pose serious health risks (Shah et al. 2014). The aquatic ecosystems globally are under constant threat by the environmental pollutants and hence cost-effective solutions by using naturally persisting flagellates, which may play a dual role of purifying water sources from hazardous/toxic materials as well as acting as a natural predator for waterborne pathogens.