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Novel Microbial Compounds as a Boon in Health Management
Published in Jyoti Ranjan Rout, Rout George Kerry, Abinash Dutta, Biotechnological Advances for Microbiology, Molecular Biology, and Nanotechnology, 2022
Shubha Rani Sharma, Rajani Sharma, Debasish Kar
Microbes are one of the most diverse and profuse species on earth and their exploitation to obtain different beneficial products have been found since time immemorial. Until the 1980s, the antioxidants from the microbes did not attract the attention of scientists in the medical area. The significance of antioxidants in the health improvement of human has gained a lot of importance in recent times. Actinobacteria can produce a wide variety of secondary metabolites which form a rich source of antibiotics and other pharmaceuticals. Streptomyces sp. also produces certain bioactive compounds, which can be exploited as potential pharmacological drugs. To date, a large number of microbial antioxidants have been characterized, as shown in Table 5.1. Surface-associated marine bacteria have proven to be an extensive resource of valuable secondary metabolites. It has been established that an epiphytic bacteria Bifurcaria bifurcate produces novel natural antioxidant compounds along with antimicrobials that act on the Gram-positive bacteria. Streptococcus thermophilus, a well-known probiotic bacteria, has been found to have a potent antioxidant activity (AOA), which protects the body from hazardous free radicals that are produced in the body as a result of stress, age factors, etc. Staphylococcus aureus produces a series of carotenoids that are well-known for their AOA as they sequester free radicals produced in the body.
Filamentous Microorganisms in Activated Sludge
Published in Jiří Wanner, Activated Sludge Bulking and Foaming Control, 2014
The problem of the observation of a sheath in phase contrast light microscopy for Type 0041 results from an extreme transparency of the sheath. Brand et al. [71] studied the morphology and anatomy of Type 0041 trichomes by means of scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. Their paper brings excellent TEM and SEM microphotographs of Type 0041 rectangular cells arranged in a hose-like transparent cover. The TEM and SEM microphotographs of Type 0041 also show how the sheath of trichomes is colonized by unicellular epiphytic bacteria.
Unraveling seaweeds bacteriomes
Published in Bénédicte Charrier, Thomas Wichard, C.R.K. Reddy, Protocols for Macroalgae Research, 2018
Tânia Aires, Gerard Muyzer, Ester A. Serrão, Aschwin H. Engelen
Note 2: This protocol comprehends total bacterial community (both endo- and epiphytic bacteria). If one is interested in just sampling the bacterial biofilm, cotton swabs should be rubbed on the tissue surface and stored as described earlier. For sampling endophytic bacteria, please consider the protocol provided by, for example, Delbridge et al. (2004), Hollants et al. (2010), Aires et al. (2012).
Enhanced atrazine removal by hydrophyte–bacterium associations and in vitro screening of the isolates for their plant growth-promoting potential
Published in International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2018
Anina James, D. K. Singh, P. J. Khankhane
Bacteria associated with root surface (rhizoplane) of plants, are known as epiphytic bacteria (Andrews and Harris 2000). Such rhizospheric bacteria can aid in vigor and growth of plants and contribute to plant growth promotion (Glick 2012). Complexity of beneficial plant–bacterium association is an area of research with great potential and has been receiving attention in the last decade. Despite this we have not yet explored the potential of this mutualistic association for the remediation of atrazine-contaminated sites. Segura and Ramos (2013) suggested the pertinent requirement to select the best plant–bacterium combination to remediate a contaminated site. In the present study we have attempted to obtain such plant–bacterium combinations to assuage atrazine contamination.