China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Nanogenerators as a Sustainable Power Source
Published in Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Rajender Boddula, Tariq Altalhi, Nanogenerators, 2023
Muhammad Mudassir Iqbal, Gulzar Muhammad, Tania Saif, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Muhammad Arshad Raza, Muhammad Ajaz Hussain, Muhammad Tahir Haseeb
Electronic skin, a kind of artificial skin, is another example of a TENG-powered system (Fan et al. 2016). The system replicates sensing functionalities of human skin through electronic components and flexible materials making it useful for medical diagnostics and other applications (Hammock et al. 2013). Flexible tactile sensors are requisite components. Different approaches such as ultra-sensitivity, flexibility, transparency, wide range, and stretchability are effective regarding tactile sensors for electronic skin (Someya et al. 2004). Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film at the top acts as a flexible substrate and the top layer is spin-coated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and used as a triboelectrification layer. The bottom of the substrate is enclosed by a PET film containing a copolymer of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) for electrode protection. A triboelectric sensor matrix (16 × 16 pixelated) was created having 5-dpi resolution with a pixel size of 2.5 × 2.5 mm2 in a laboratory environment. By adopting the microfabrication technique, pixel size can be minimized to micron-meter and the smallest pixel size obtained was 500 × 500 m2 (Wang et al. 2016; Liu et al. 2020).
Polymer Electrolytes for Supercapacitor Applications
Published in Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Rajender Boddula, Tariq Altalhi, Polymers in Energy Conversion and Storage, 2022
Dipanwita Majumdar, Swapan Kumar Bhattacharya
Electronic skin (e-skin) having inherent natural stimuli is a crucial feature in engineering prosthetics and wearable electronics (Wang, Lou, et al. 2020). Hence, stretchable energy storage e-skin supercapacitors with superior power density and long durability are integrated with stretchable sensors for fruitfully satisfying the above purpose. Accordingly, to obtain such a self-powering sensing unit, a bi-sub-layered silver nanowire/MnO2 nanowire hybrid which conducts immobile channels into a PDMS matrix was sandwiched in-between silver nanowire/MnO2 nanowire film electrodes and a PVA–KOH gel electrolyte. The resultant e-skin device demonstrated an exceptional areal specific capacitance, energy density, admirable capacity preservation, and coulombic efficiency for 2000 cycles with superior sensitivity during stretching and bending by hand (Wang, Lou, et al. 2020). Similarly, an integrated single unit strain sensor was designed to detect both externally applied strain and the arterial pulse on being attached to the wrist. The sensor was driven by means of the energy stored in the flexible polymer electrolyte based micro-supercapacitor harvested by the integrated solar cell, all assembled together in the same unit (Yun et al. 2018).
Graphene Nanocomposites for Pressure Sensors Applications
Published in Ahalapitiya H. Jayatissa, Applications of Nanocomposites, 2022
Victor K. Samoei, Surendra Maharjan, Ahalapitiya H. Jayatissa
Electronic skin (e-skin) is designed to mimic the comprehensive nature of human skin, it refers to a network of flexible electronics with various sensing functionalities that emulate the functions of human skin, but are not limited to the functions of human skin (Jeon et al. 2019). For practical applications, it can help disabled people to restore their sensing ability lost in accidents, e.g., prosthetics or build the biomimetic cognition of surrounding stimulus on the surface of artificial robotics. Pressure sensors are an indispensable part of electronic skin, and typically require large-area coverage with small sensing pixels. Various prototypes of pressure sensor arrays installed on the hand, tongue or robotics have been developed in recent years. Graphene is a promising material in the development of these electronics skin sensors. Yu Quing Liu fabricated graphene-based electronic skin with laser reduction of graphene oxide (GO) and Laser-Induced Graphene (LIG) on polyimide (PI) (An et al. 2017; You et al. 2020).
Advances in the measurement of prosthetic socket interface mechanics: a review of technology, techniques, and a 20-year update
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Peyton R Young, Jacqueline S. Hebert, Paul D. Marasco, Jason P. Carey, Jonathon S. Schofield
Another emerging sensor technology that has been tested in recent years is electronic skin (E-skin) which refers to a flexible electronic device which mimics human skin and uses this characteristic to adhere to a patient and collect biophysical data [82]. The benefit of E-skin sensors is their ability to detect and record normal pressure, shearing pressure, and losses due to friction or slip. The large range of data types collected by the sensor can decrease the amount of individual modality-specific sensors otherwise needed to capture socket comfort more completely [83]. While promising, this sensor is adhered to the patient’s skin directly which may affect the mechanics of the socket and may lead to skin irritation. Further, little testing has been conducted on these sensors to illustrate the important characteristics of the sensor necessary for clinical integration. Thus, further testing on this technology is required before clinical translation.
Stretchable strain-tolerant soft printed circuit board: a systematic approach for the design rules of stretchable interconnects
Published in Journal of Information Display, 2020
Hyeon Cho, Yoontaek Lee, Byeongmoon Lee, Junghwan Byun, Seungjun Chung, Yongtaek Hong
The ultra-thin electronic skin (e-skin) has expanded the potential of electronics by mediating the interaction between human and autonomous artificial features. Non-invasive epidermal health-monitoring systems enabling the users to collect their body motion signals [1–3] and vital signs [4,5] with high fidelity have attracted much attention of late as representative applications of e-skin. Moreover, as the demand for customized (i.e. personalized) electronics has significantly increased, the next-generation e-skin circuits will be developed to be conformable to the arbitrary shapes of the human body or soft robots [6]. To achieve these requirements, it is necessary to introduce mechanically compliant soft platforms and associated fabrication strategies with a high-degree-of-freedom design [7–12]. In this regard, additive inkjet printing is one of the most attractive candidates due to its easy customization through its direct writing, scalability, and low-temperature processing abilities [13].