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Digital Image Processing Systems
Published in Scott E. Umbaugh, Digital Image Processing and Analysis, 2017
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) is a graphics file format for vector images that has been commonly used in desktop publishing. EPS was designed to be directly supported by many printers (in the hardware itself), making it easy for data interchange across hardware and software platforms. Currently, the PDF format is used more commonly in publishing and also has the capability for use across multiple hardware and software platforms.
QuarkXPress
Published in Paul W. Ross, The Handbook of Software for Engineers and Scientists, 2018
Use Save Page as EPS (File menu) to save an Encapsulated PostScript image of a document page. The EPS file generated retains and reproduces all text layout and graphic elements of the original page. The image can be imported into and manipulated by any program that supports the EPS file format. It can also be directly downloaded to a PostScript printing device.
Flexible interconnection of DC microgrid cluster based on isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter
Published in Systems Science & Control Engineering, 2021
Hongwan Yang, Yu Zhang, Peng Wang
Aiming at the limitation of single-phase shift control, this paper adopts EPS (Extended Phase Shift, EPS) to increase the dimension of control. In the extended phase shift control, there is a phase shift angle for the drive signal between the two diagonal switch tubes in the bridge. At the same time, the driving signals of the primary side and the secondary side have a certain phase shift angle , the ratio of and the half time period of switch is defined as the internal shift ratio , and the ratio of and the half time period of switch is defined as the outer shift ratio , by adjusting the shift ratio and , the size and direction of the converter power transmission can be controlled, and the transmission power P expression is shown in the following Equation (4) (Xu et al., 2018):
Microalgal extracellular polymeric substances and their interactions with metal(loid)s: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2019
Sadiq Naveed, Chonghua Li, Xinda Lu, Shuangshuang Chen, Bin Yin, Chunhua Zhang, Ying Ge
Microalgal EPS (Table 1) can be divided into three major categories: soluble EPS (SL-EPS), which are commonly dissolved in growth media; loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), which are gently attached to algal cells; and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), which are gel-like coatings of algal cells that can be further divided into three sub-groups of capsule, slime, and sheath (Shen, Li, et al., 2018; Wei et al., 2016; Xu, Cai, Yu, & Jiang, 2013). The study of EPS composition is complicated by its complex and versatile nature (Halaj, Chválová, et al., 2018; Takahashi, Ledauphin, Goux, & Orvain, 2009). Although it is known that the method used to isolate specific EPS components can influence downstream identification steps, no universal method is available to isolate each single component of EPS. Moreover, a discrepancy in the properties of extracted and intact EPS has been observed, built upon the concept of the “microdomain” (Loustau, Rols, Leflaive, Marcato-Romain, & Girbal-Neuhauser, 2018). Chemical contamination and property changes are two issues interfering with EPS extraction and purification (Takahashi et al., 2009). The heterogeneity of EPS at small scales also makes it difficult to capture critical properties of the EPS matrix. Cation exchange resin (CER) is considered the most effective way to extract EPS without these problems described above, in comparison to other methods including heating, organic solvents, NaOH, H2SO4, formaldehyde, and alkaline extraction (Flemming & Wingender, 2010; Loustau et al., 2018; Sun et al., 2012).
In situ characterizations for EPS-involved microprocesses in biological wastewater treatment systems
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2019
Peng Zhang, Bo Feng, You-Peng Chen, You-Zhi Dai, Jin-Song Guo
The microbe species, structure and components of microbial aggregates are heterogeneous, and the EPS-involved microprocesses are also in homogeneity. Chemical imaging modalities, such as mass spectrometry imaging, confocal scanning laser microscopy and Raman imaging, can map the two-dimensional and three-dimensional distributions of target substances, and can visualize the spatial function of EPS in microbial aggregates (Ding et al., 2016; Louvet et al., 2017). Furthermore, single-cell imaging can be used to visualize EPS production, EPS distribution, and analyze EPS-involved chemical and biochemical processes in the extracellular microenvironment, thus minimizing the extraneous factor disturbance and obtaining a precise result. Mass spectrometry imaging is a powerful and promised technique for mapping the distributions of the EPS and substrate with subcellular resolution (Ding et al., 2016). The development of this technique can produce insights into monitoring of the uptake of microbes to the substrate via EPS, the adhesion of EPS to a surface and quantifying the secretion of EPS under environmental stress at a single-cell scale.