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Organic and Inorganic Nanoparticles from Agricultural Waste
Published in Sefiu Adekunle Bello, Hybrid Polymeric Nanocomposites from Agricultural Waste, 2023
The determination of chemical species with functional groups in nanoparticles is usually examined (both qualitative and quantitative) using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. Dual polarisation interferometry (DPI) is used to measure conformational change nanoparticles (protein or other biomolecules) that are adsorbed to surface of a material. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful non-selective analytical tool that enables ascertain molecular structure including relative configuration, relative and absolute concentrations, and even intermolecular interactions without the destruction of the analyte. Raman spectroscopy is used for the examination of chemical bonding, structural phases, and molecular interactions in matter at reduced dimensions (up to a few mm) with high sensitivity. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy technique offers the ability to study the charge transfer between individual atoms/ions and molecules which are independent of surrounding vibrational bands. It is usually used for determination of structure and composition of materials.
EUROCORR 2017 in combination with the 20th International Corrosion Congress and the Process Safety Congress 2017: Corrosion Control for safer living part 3
Published in Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 2018
Hu Wang (Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, China) examined the ‘Synergistic mechanism of corrosion inhibitors on copper surface using dual polarization interferometry (DPI)’. This novel approach facilitated the in-situ monitoring of mass, thickness and density variations with time during inhibitor adsorption. The concentration of benzotriazole (BTA) significantly impacted upon the adsorption kinetics, such that the adsorption rate increased sharply from 1.64 × 10−7 g/mg s to 69.8 × 10−7 g/mg s as the BTA concentration increased from 1 to 5 mM. Similar kinetics were demonstrated in the presence of mercapto-ethanol as inhibitor, although the film thickness and adhesion differed. In the presence of mixed inhibitor (1 mM BTA + 1 mM mercapto-ethanol), the film thickness, equilibrium adsorption amount and adsorption rate were further enhanced, while the film density decreased.
Synthesis and flocculation of a novel flocculant for treating wastewater produced from polymer flooding
Published in Environmental Technology, 2021
Jun Li, Yan Xiong, Xiujun Wang, Fei Wang, Shenwen Fang, Ming Duan
Dual polarization interferometry (DPI) test: DPI is a label-free and surface-sensitive technique which is widely used in the interface to record the real-time changes of layer mass, thickness and density [20,21] Due to the advantages of DPI, it has been applied to a variety of research areas including surfactants, protein structural changes, polyelectrolyte assemblies, biomimic biomembranes and crystallization conditions [22–24]. It is proved that DPI is a powerful and accurate method for monitoring the adsorption behaviours on the interface in real-time. Li et al. [25,26] have used the DPI for studying the nonionic surfactant adsorption on asphaltene and polyacrylamide adsorption on resin. Wang et al. [27] have investigated the surfactant adsorption on fullerene grafted polymer. In this paper, DPI (Analight Nano200 Farfield Group Ltd, Crewe, UK) was used to reveal the adsorptions of flocculant on the crude oil surface. Details of experiments were conducted according to the work conducted by Li et al. [25,26]. Preparation of the chip: 0.3 g crude oil was dissolved in the toluene/n-heptane mixture (1:1, in volume) with the concentration of 0.3 wt% and filtered using membranes (pore size = 0.45 μm). The crude oil layer was deposited on silicon oxynitride sensor chip by Spin Coater (KW-4A, Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences), first the solution of the crude oil was dropped onto the centre of chip, then, the chip was spun at 1000 r/min for 60 s and a thin crude oil film was left on the surface of chip.DPI experiment: Firstly, NaCl solution was used to act as a buffer solution to flow pass the surface of chip. Then, flocculant solution was injected at speed of 25 μL/min for 500 s. The mass after adsorption was quantified in real time.