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Individual Differences to Sleep Deprivation Vulnerability and the Neural Connection with Task Strategy, Metacognition, Visual Spatial Attention, and White Matter Differences
Published in Steven Kornguth, Rebecca Steinberg, Michael D. Matthews, Neurocognitive and Physiological Factors During High-Tempo Operations, 2018
Matthew Rocklage, W. Todd Maddox, Logan T. Trujillo, David M. Schnyer
Results from these FA contrasts indicated multiple WM pathways where FA values were significantly greater for the NON group relative to the VUL group. Specifically, higher FA values in the posterior limb and retrolenticular part of the internal capsule, posterior corona radiata, forceps major, posterior thalamic radiation, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the genu of the corpus callosum (see Figure 6.7) all seem to be associated with decreased vulnerability to TSD. Finally, nearly all regions revealing significant differences also showed significant linear correlations between the percent change score and FA.
Effect of axonal fiber architecture on mechanical heterogeneity of the white matter—a statistical micromechanical model
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Hesam Hoursan, Farzam Farahmand, Mohammad Taghi Ahmadian
Human brain white matter consists of axonal bundles which connect nerve cell bodies mostly located in the grey matter. A sudden inertial loading on the head can cause Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) of white matter, which involves axonal damage in a variety of modes. Among the failure modes of axons, rapid stretching of neural tracts, leading to the impairment of axoplasmic transport and subsequent swelling and neuropathologic problems, has been reported to be the prevailing failure mode (McKenzie et al. 1996; Smith and Meaney 2000; Di Pietro 2013). DAI tends to occur in three anatomical regions of white matter, known as the “injury triad”: the lobar white matter (including corona radiata), the corpus callosum, and the dorsolateral quadrant of the rostal brainstem, adjacent to the superior cerebellar peduncle (Tsao 2012).