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What Are Smart Microalgae?
Published in Pau Loke Show, Wai Siong Chai, Tau Chuan Ling, Microalgae for Environmental Biotechnology, 2023
Nur Azalina Suzianti Feisal, Noor Haziqah Kamaludin, Dingling Zhuang, Kit Wayne Chew, Pau Loke Show
In line with industrial revolution 4.0, microalgae have an approach that no matter how the biomass is processed in an optimized biorefinery, they allow for the production of the greatest numbers of goods, maintaining the co-products and the lowest residual quantity, downstream capital in optimal returns where they can automate the growth of algae and harvesting system to reduce the operational cost and enable to track the growth operators and output of the microalgae in real time by creating the replica or digital duplicate of the device from the sensor data of microalgae production (Omar et al., 2020). Biomanufacturing involves the use of biological systems such as living microorganisms, cells, tissues, or enzymes for product manufacturing or commercializing. The revolution of biomanufacturing started in the early nineteenth century where it was more focused on the production of metabolites and then into the production of protein and enzyme. A new paradigm was evolving in the early 2000s with the advent of synthetic biology. Microorganisms, and even higher life systems, became agents for industrial-scale conversions of fossil feeds into valuable products, completely changing the game. Biomanufacturing is moving forward in parallel to the fourth industrial revolution that emphasizes big data production by using smart software, artificial intelligence, novel modelling, robotics, the intervention of three-dimensional (3D) printing, and the Internet of Things (IoT) (Hossain et al., 2019).
Biotechnology Facilities
Published in Terry Jacobs, Andrew A. Signore, Good Design Practices for GMP Pharmaceutical Facilities, 2016
Facility use has a huge impact on the cost of goods sold. This is a big issue with much of the legacy biomanufacturing infrastructure going into the twenty-first century because it was designed for single-product, large-volume manufacturing. These facilities are ill-suited to handle the diverse product portfolios of the modern biologics manufacturer. Batch sizes are getting smaller. This is due in part to an increase in selective therapies for niche markets and in part a result of the industry’s success in optimizing biomanufacturing to produce higher yields. Consequently, many legacy facilities are poorly used and are not designed to transition from one product to the next quickly and efficiently. Poor facility use can also lead to quality issues because of the lack of consistency in manufacturing operations. All of these factors are driving a trend toward greater flexibility in new biofacilities to allow them to handle a more diverse mix of products with relatively small batch sizes. This capability, used in conjunction with traditional facilities that are efficient at large-scale production, provides a more cost-effective model for future operations that will be required to support both small- and large-volume biomanufacturing.
State-of-the-Art Technologies in Industry 5.0
Published in Pau Loke Show, Kit Wayne Chew, Tau Chuan Ling, The Prospect of Industry 5.0 in Biomanufacturing, 2021
Yee Ho Chai, Guo Yong Yew, Suzana Yusup, Pau Loke Show
In addition, the roles and applications of biotechnology in biomanufacturing disciplines act as foundations to the positive progress of bioeconomy areas. Biomanufacturing is a type of manufacturing discipline that employs biological systems to commercially produce value-added bio-compounds for use in medicinal, food and beverage processing, and industrial applications (Heng et al. 2016). The early applications of biomanufacturing can be seen several thousand years ago in the preparation of wine from rice, honey and fruits (Mcgovern et al. 2004) by ancient Chinese as well as the preservation of pickles and cucumbers by pickling. The intrinsic mechanism of fermentation by microbes was not comprehended in the early days and it was only during the Second Industrial Revolution that biomanufacturing disciplines begin to emerge. The first biomanufacturing revolution (Biomanufacture 1.0) largely emphasized the fermentation production of acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE) in the early 1910s. The second biomanufacturing revolution (Biomanufacture 2.0) led with the production of secondary metabolites, especially penicillin fermentation in the 1940s while the third biomanufacturing revolution (Biomanufacture 3.0) involved efforts to produce proteins and fermentation of microbial cells as biocatalyst in life sciences. The emergence of the fourth biomanufacturing revolution (Biomanufacture 4.0) in the early 2000s explored deliverance of newer products such as regenerative medicine and artificial food, as well as competent biotechnologies for production of existing products with regards to productivity, scalability and sustainability (Heng et al. 2016). This sub-chapter reviews the potential technologies, namely supercritical fluid technology and algal biomass technology that should be capitalized for the emerging Industry 5.0 revolution.
Resource allocation strategies for protein purification operations
Published in IISE Transactions, 2020
Yasemin Limon, Ananth Krishnamurthy
The biopharmaceutical industry uses biomanufacturing technologies to produce vaccines, blood components and proteins. These products have a wide range of application areas from therapeutic use to diagnosis, drug discovery and drug development. Market analysis conducted by BioPlan Associates (2017) shows that the biopharmaceutical industry has been experiencing an overall consistent growth of 14–15%, and that the global biopharmaceutical market is expected to reach $341 billion by 2023 (Mordor Intelligence, 2018). Unlike traditional pharmaceuticals, biopharmaceutical products are produced using living cells, which brings additional manufacturing and optimization challenges. Although investment in specialized equipment can address these challenges in part, the effective management of skilled human resources (scientists) plays a key role in the ultimate success. Langer and Rager (2017) emphasize that more than 50% of biopharmaceutical companies have at some point run into capacity problems, as a result of poor resource utilization.