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Fast Photoacoustic Imaging Technology
Published in Sihua Yang, Da Xing, Biomedical Photoacoustics, 2020
Imaging techniques based on optical contrast analysis can be used to visualize dynamic and functional properties of the nervous system via optical signals resulting from changes in blood volume, oxygen consumption, and cellular swelling associated with brain physiology and pathology. Here we report in vivo noninvasive transdermal and transcranial imaging of the structure and function of rat brains by means of laser-induced PAT. The advantage of PAT over pure optical imaging is that it retains intrinsic optical contrast characteristics while taking advantage of the diffraction-limited high spatial resolution of ultrasound. We accurately mapped rat brain structures, with and without lesions, and functional cerebral hemodynamic changes in cortical blood vessels around the whisker-barrel cortex in response to whisker stimulation. We also imaged hyperoxia- and hypoxia-induced cerebral hemodynamic changes. This neuroimaging modality holds promise for applications in neurophysiology, neuropathology and neurotherapy.
High-Speed Fluorescence Imaging System for Freely Moving Animals
Published in Khosla Ajit, Kim Dongsoo, Iniewski Krzysztof, Optical Imaging Devices, 2017
A 30 g mouse was anesthetized with urethane (0.6 ml, 100 mg/ml, IP). The depth of anesthesia was monitored by tail pinch and heart rate. Body temperature was maintained at 37°C by using a heating pad and rectal thermometer. Additional anesthesia was given as needed (0.1 ml, IP). A dye well/head holder was affixed to the exposed skull using cynoacrylic glue. A craniotomy (5 mm diameter) was performed over barrel cortex (2.1 mm lateral and 2 mm caudal to bregma) using a Gesswein drill with a 0.5 round head bit. The dura was left intact and a solution of RH1692 (100 μl, 0.1 mg/ml of ACSF) was applied for 1.5 h with stirring every 10–15 min to prevent the CSF from forming a barrier between the dye and the brain. A pressurized air puff (50 ms, Picospritzer) was used to deflect the whiskers contralateral to the side of imaging. The barrel cortex was imaged using a tandem-lens epifluorescence macroscope equipped with a 150 W xenon arc lamp (Opti-Quip, Highland Mills, New York) (Figure 5.8).
Biomedical Micro Probe for Super Resolved Image Extraction
Published in Yubing Xie, The Nanobiotechnology Handbook, 2012
Asaf Shahmoon, Shiran Aharon, Dror Fixler, Hamutal Slovin, Zeev Zalevsky
The methods for the surgical procedure of the rat have been preformed (Haidarliu et al. 1999, Brecht and Sakmann 2002). Briefly, the rat is placed in a cage where isofleurane is injected through a vaporizer. Right after, the rat is anesthetized using the injection of urethane and positioned in a special rat head holder. Then an approximately 7 mm diameter hole is drilled above the barrel cortex of the rat, which is identified by the anatomical coordinates. The dura is gently removed to perform the experiment’s procedure. Note that the proposed probe is very thin in its diameter in comparison to commonly used endoscopes.
Photoacoustic analysis and imaging techniques: Sound of light
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2018
Wang et al. (2003) performed in vivo noninvasive transdermal and transcranial imaging of the structure and function of rat brains by means of laser-induced photoacoustic tomography (PAT). In the study, they mapped rat brain structures, with and without lesions, and functional cerebral hemodynamic changes in cortical blood vessels around the whisker-barrel cortex in response to whisker stimulation. Hyperoxia- and hypoxia-induced cerebral hemodynamic changes were also imaged.