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Accommodating intraocular lenses
Published in Pablo Artal, Handbook of Visual Optics, 2017
Within the last decades, patients’ demand for spectacle independence after cataract surgery has increased rapidly. Modern intraocular lenses (IOLs) and modern IOL power calculation allow a significantly improved postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (and quality) by correcting for axial eye length, corneal astigmatism, and to some extent higher-order aberrations. But it is still not possible to fully restore accommodation after cataract surgery. Therefore, patients need to decide whether they would like to wear glasses for distance or instead for near work. Alternatively, spectacle dependence can be reduced by either monovision or multifocal IOLs. Both attempts include an optical compromise (as mentioned in the multifocal IOL chapter), in the case of the former reduced stereopsis and possible irritation due to the anisometropia and in the case of the latter mainly the loss in contrast vision, halos, and glare resulting in visual quality being imperfect at all distances.
Visual fatigue induced by watching virtual reality device and the effect of anisometropia
Published in Ergonomics, 2021
Sang Hyeok Lee, Martha Kim, Hyosun Kim, Choul Yong Park
Anisometropia refers to a condition in which the refractive errors of the two eyes significantly differ. Significant anisometropia from an early age is likely to result in amblyopia in the eye with a higher refractive error, but an anisometropia of less than 1.5 dioptres, commonly observed in the general population, is rarely likely to result in amblyopia. However, such an inequality of the refractive errors of both eyes may affect the function of the bilateral vision. Nabie et al. (Nabie et al. 2017) reported a decrease in stereoscopic vision when anisometropia was induced by a trial lens from 1 dioptre to 3 dioptres in healthy adults, and Gaweki et al. (Gawecki 2019) reported that myopic anisometropia of more than 2 dioptres significantly reduced the stereoacuity of distance vision.