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Glossary of scientific and technical terms in bioengineering and biological engineering
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Scientific and Technical Terms in Bioengineering and Biological Engineering, 2018
Allopatric speciation refers to speciation (Orator F. Cook) occurring at least in part because of geographic isolation. There are four geographic modes of speciation in nature: allopatric, peripatric, parapatric, and sympatric.
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of Bothrops insularis bacterial and fungal microbiota
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2018
Lidiane Nunes Barbosa, Rui Seabra Ferreira Jr, Priscila Luiza Mello, Hans Garcia Garces, Jéssica Luana Chechi, Tarsila Frachin, Luciana Curtolo De Barros, Sandra De Moraes Guimenes Bosco, Eduardo Bagagli, Ary Fernandes Júnior, Benedito Barraviera, Lucilene Delazari Dos Santos
The snake Bothrops insularis may have originated from Bothrops jararaca from the Brazilian continent through isolation of ancestral populations, a phenomenon known as allopatric speciation. According to Marques, Martins, and Sazima (2002), two populations separated by a geographical barrier may be differentiated over time and become distinct species. The current population of B. insularis is small, estimated at only 2000 animals, which has been declining in recent years (Martins, Sawaya, and Marques 2008). The biggest threats are illegal removal by biopiracy interested in venom pharmacological potential and profitability for the international pet market. Other potential threats are fires, infectious and parasitic diseases, introduction of exotic species, and food shortage (Bataus and Reis, 2011; Marques, Martins, and Sazima 2002; Martins, Sawaya, and Marques 2008). Therefore, this snake has been included in the Red List of The International Union for Conservation of Nature as critically endangered (http://www.iucnredlist.org/).