China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Computational and Experimental Approaches to Cellular and Subcellular Tracking at the Nanoscale
Published in Sarhan M. Musa, ®, 2018
Zeinab Al-Rekabi, Dominique Tremblay, Kristina Haase, Richard L. Leask, Andrew E. Pelling
Moreover, tertiary structures can be formed including fiber bundles (stress fibers) or a three-dimensional lattice-lattice-like structure formed from the actin filaments with the involvement of various actin-binding proteins such as Arp2/3, fimbrin, and a-actinin (Burridge and Chrzanowska-Wodnicka 1996). Actin is believed to be one of the primary structural components of most cells. The actin cytoskeleton also responds actively to external forces and is crucial during the migration process in the formation of the leading-edge lamellipodium protrusions.
Application of an in silico approach identifies a genetic locus within ITGB2, and its interactions with HSPG2 and FGF9, to be associated with anterior cruciate ligament rupture risk
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2023
Senanile B. Dlamini, Colleen J. Saunders, Mary-Jessica N. Laguette, Andrea Gibbon, Junaid Gamieldien, Malcolm Collins, Alison V. September
Applying the WES variant filtering strategy revealed five genes (HSPG2, COL11A2, SERPINE1, COL1A1, ITGB2) (Figure 1) containing variants with an allele frequency difference of ≥30% between tendinopathy cases and controls (Gibbon et al., 2018) (Table S2). These prioritised genes were further explored using the bioinformatic tools, Enrichr and GeneMANIA. The interacting genes and implicated pathways are summarised in supplementary table 3. Of the five prioritised genes, HSPG2 and ITGB2 were found to be most often implicated in common pathways compared to COL11A2, SERPINE1 and COL1A1. For this reason, HSPG2 and ITGB2 were prioritised. The pathways implicated included cell signalling, the angiogenesis associated and inflammatory pathways. It was interesting to note that the network analyses highlighted that HSPG2 and ITGB2, together with FGF9, played an integral role in ECM regulation (Table S3). The Enrichr tool specifically showed interactions between (i) ITGB2 and FGF9 through functional pathways such as the rap1 signalling pathway, which is an essential regulator of basic cell functions (formation, cell adhesions, cellular migration, and polarisation) (Zhang et al., 2017) and regulation of actin cytoskeleton, which is a network of actin binding proteins responsible for essential cellular processes like cell migration, organelle transport, axonal growth, cytoplasmic streaming, and phagocytosis. (ii) ITGB2, FGF9 and HSPG2 genes are all expressed in the extracellular vesicle, exosome and organelle of cells. The GeneMANIA tool showed that ITGB2 and HSPG2 genes shared functional pathways, e.g. extracellular matrix organisation and integrin cell surface interactions (Table S3). For these collective reasons HSPG2, ITGB2 and FGF9 were prioritised and the variants in each gene were selected as described in the methods (rs2291826, rs2291827, rs2230528 and rs2274296) for candidate gene association analyses.