China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Uncertainty in Room Acoustics Measurements
Published in Robert Peters, Uncertainty in Acoustics, 2020
The vast majority of room acoustics measurements are in fact routine measurements of reverberation times (RTs), as described in ISO 3382–2: 2008, Acoustics: Measurement of Room Acoustic Parameters, Part 2: Reverberation Time in Ordinary Rooms.3 The “ordinary rooms” in question are listed in the introduction to the standard as including domestic rooms, stairways, workshops, industrial plants, classrooms, offices, restaurants, exhibition centres, sports halls and railway and airport terminals. The last of these may challenge our usual definition of “ordinary,” and for some of these larger spaces, the measurement techniques set out in ISO 18233 (discussed later in this chapter) may be more appropriate.
Adaptation Strategies by Airports
Published in Nawal K. Taneja, Airline Industry, 2016
For terminals the focus is on smart design to accommodate more traffic (efficiency) while improving customer experience (reduce stress), conserve energy, and enhance ancillary revenues. Seoul’s Incheon Airport is a case in point. The design of its facilities focuses on efficiency and the protection of the environment from the operational point of view, and it targets, for example, tourists from other emerging markets such as China by developing commercial facilities that include a shopping mall, a hotel, and a casino. While some processes within terminals may not seem to have changed much at airports – baggage arrival and pick-up, for example – they are being upgraded. Although passenger boarding still requires the display of boarding passes, airports are installing machine-readable systems for both boarding passes printed on paper as well as displayed on mobile phones. There are also facilities for self-boarding through automated gates.
Methodology for defining the new optimum level of service in airport passenger terminals
Published in Transportation Planning and Technology, 2021
In these circumstances, the current and improved LOS standard for airport terminals by IATA (2019) (hereafter LOS-2019) deals with both space provision (spatial LOS) and waiting time (temporal LOS) for each service element within the airport terminal. The service level is segmented into three levels – suboptimum, optimum, and overdesign. International passenger terminal buildings generally consist of processing facilities (i.e. check-in desk, security checkpoint and emigration) and holding facilities (i.e. public departure hall and boarding gates). According to the 10th edition of Airport Development Reference Manual (IATA 2015), terminal facilities that are designed according to the LOS parameters for optimum levels (which are provided as a range of values) would provide the following benefits: space to accommodate all necessary functions in a comfortable environmentstable passenger flows with acceptable waiting timesan overall good service (comfort level) to passengers at a reasonable cost, andbalance economic terminal dimensions with passenger expectations.