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Cognitive cockpit systems: information requirements analysis for pilot control of cockpit automation
Published in Don Harris, Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics Volume Five, 2017
Robert M. Taylor, Samia Abdi, Rosie Dru-Drury, Mike C. Bonner
Mission analysis indicates that primary display requirement is to support head-up, eyes-out of the cockpit operation. Direct voice input/output (DVI/DVO) is the preferred primary modality for TIM dialogues. Alternative control technologies considered for supporting adaptation, include coupling Hands-on-Throttle-and-Stick (HOTAS) operations with DVI and head-tracking. Eye-tracking is used for pilot-state monitoring, rather than for controlling systems, because of limitations on aiming accuracy with current technology. Allocation of control functions to HOTAS is guided by the requirements for speed of learning, ease of use and simplicity of operation. HOTAS is primary mode of control for many critical functions, but it is intended to provide only a back-up to DVI and soft keys for
Situational Awareness
Published in David G. Newman, Flying Fast Jets, 2014
The throttle and control stick have also been made more complex than previous versions, with a multitude of switches and controls mounted on them that allow the pilot to access essential features while in the manoeuvring or engagement phases. This system is known as HOTAS – Hands on Throttle and Stick. For the typical HOTAS system, the throttles will have the following functions: a radio transmit switch, speed brake control, autothrottle control, exterior light control, chaff and flare dispenser switches, radar elevation controls and a target designator controller (TDC). The TDC is effectively a cursor control for the radar, allowing the pilot to slew the cursor on the screen to designate the intended target. On the control stick, there is the traditional trim switch for pitch and aileron trim control, but also autopilot control, nose wheel steering control, radar controls, a weapons firing trigger, and various multi-directional weapons selection switches (to select guns or different air-to-air missiles, or for multi-role aircraft to select between air-to-ground and air-to-air modes).
Towards Human Objective Real-Time Trust of Autonomy Measures for Combat Aviation
Published in The International Journal of Aerospace Psychology, 2023
Patrick Highland, Thomas Schnell, Katharine Woodruff, Gianna Avdic-McIntire
Disengagement of the autonomy is the simplest measure of distrust used in this study. It could be an indicator or undertrust when the autonomy is performing well or of appropriate trust when the autonomy is performing poorly. Pilots in modern fighter aircraft fly with a hands-on-throttle-and-stick (HOTAS) that is typically equipped with a paddle switch that can be activated by the right pinky finger. By activating the paddle switch, the pilot may override an automatic feature of the aircraft such as an autopilot function or automatic ground collision avoidance maneuver (Burns et al., 2011). Disengagement of the autonomy and “paddling off” the autonomy are used synonymously in this paper.