Dietary Substances Not Required in Human Metabolism
Luke Bucci in Nutrients as Ergogenic Aids for Sports and Exercise, 2020
Ferulic acid is a common phenolic acid found in almost every plant.852 Gamma oryzanol, a ferulate ester of sterols found in rice bran, has also been the subject of studies. Gamma oryzanol is mostly converted to ferulic acid during digestion.852 Ferulic acid closely mimics the structure of normetanephrine, the primary metabolite of norepinephrine.852 Animal studies have found that ferulate administration can mimic effects of increased hypothalamic norepinephrine,852 such as stimulation of somatotropin synthesis by the pituitary.853–855 Infusion of 100 or 500 mg of ferulic acid (0.3 mg/kg) into heifers elevated serum somatotropin levels significantly.856 Other pituitary hormones were generally not affected.852–856
Nonessential Dietary Components: Bioflavonoids and Curcumin
Luke R. Bucci in Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
In the carrageenin-induced paw edema experiments, ferulic acid and diacetylcurcumin showed an increased inflammatory reaction over controls, while curcumin and other analogs showed dose-dependent increases in inhibition of edema followed by lack of inhibition at higher doses, similar to findings of Rao1350 from naturally occurring curcuminoids.1352 The ED50 values are listed in Table 6. It can be seen that curcumin and sodium curcuminate are more effective than phenylbutazone at equivalent doses by weight. For both curcumin and sodium curcuminate, maximum inhibition of paw edema was 67% at doses of 60 and 30 mg/kg, respectively, whereas this level of inhibition was not reached by phenylbutazone until 70 mg/kg was reached. However, higher doses of curcumin and sodium curcuminate exhibited less inhibition, while phenylbutazone showed further inhibition at higher doses. Curcumin, sodium curcuminate, diacetylcurcumin, and phenylbutazone showed similar effectiveness for reduction of cotton pellet granuloma formation, while triethylcurcumin showed the greatest reductions.1352 Ferulic acid and tetrahydrocurcumin were ineffective.
Preclinical Antidepressant-Like Effects of Terpenes, Polyphenolics, and Other Non-Flavonoid Phytochemicals
Scott Mendelson in Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Ferulic acid is a phenolic compound, a derivative of cinnamic acid, that is present in a variety of food and medicinal plants, including bamboo shoots, popcorn, chocolate, coffee, red cabbage, grapefruit, eggplant, spinach, and whole grains.79 It is also a component of many medicinal plants used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of MDD and other neurological conditions. Those include Angelica sinensis, Avena sativa, Curcuma longa, Hericium erinaceus, Ligusticum chuanxiong, and others. It has been identified as an important phytochemical constituent of the Chinese herbal combinations, chaihu shugan and xiaoyaosan that are used for MDD.
Nephroprotective effect of ferulic acid on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in female rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Vasfiye Erseçkin, Handan Mert, Kıvanç İrak, Serkan Yildirim, Nihat Mert
There is an ever-increasing interest in the therapeutic use of natural antioxidant compounds. Phenolics in particular are recognized as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, inflammatory diseases, and ageing (Soobrattee et al.2005). Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid) is obtained from the Ferula foetida and its name was inspired from the name of the plant (Kumar and Pruthi 2014). Ferulic acid is a phenolic acid present in the leaves and seeds of plants. It is mostly found in plants such as oats, artichokes, oranges, rice, wheat and pineapples. In recent years, high therapeutic potential of ferulic acid has attracted considerable attention in terms of research. It has been reported that ferulic acid has a wide range of potency, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, antiapoptotic, antiaging, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, radioprotective, pulmonary protective, antiatherogenic, hypotensive, and vasodilatation effects (Middleton et al.2000, Kumar and Pruthi 2014). Ferulic acid has been determined as a powerful antioxidant that neutralizes free radicals such as nitric oxide, superoxide and hydroxyl groups that damage the DNA (Koh 2013, Mancuso and Santangelo 2014, Sung et al.2014). There have been many studies in recent years suggesting a significant protective effect for ferulic acid in kidney diseases (Manikandan et al.2014, Hasanvand et al. 2018, Sarıkaya 2018).
Ferulic acid modification enhances the anti-oxidation activity of natural Hb in vitro
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2018
Donglai Qi, Qian Li, Chen Chen, Xiang Wang
Ferulic acid (FA) is a phytochemical substance commonly found in fruits and vegetables such as rice bran, sweet corn and tomatoes, which exhibits a wide range of therapeutic effects against various diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. A wide spectrum of beneficial activity for human health has been advocated for this phenolic compound, at least in part, because of its strong antioxidant activity. FA is an effective scavenger of free radicals and it has been approved in certain countries as food additive to prevent lipid peroxidation. It possesses antioxidant property by virtue of its phenolic hydroxyl group in its structure, hence effectively scavenging superoxide anion radical and quenching the free radicals [26,27]. With these characteristics, FA can be a promising Hb modifier. However, there are few reports of the modification of Hb with FA in the literature. In this work, we focused on the desirable properties of the Hb modified with FA via a simple chemical process. Natural Hb was reacted with 2-iminothiolane (2-IT) in order that more amino groups could be converted to thiol groups, then the chemical modifier, bromoacetylethyleneglycolferulate (BAEGF) (Figure 1) [28], was conjugated on Hb to form FA-Hb, thereby incorporating the ROS elimination system. The UV-visible spectral properties of FA-Hb were characterized, and the modification degrees of FA as well as the oxygen-carrying capacities were also evaluated. Subsequently, the anti-oxidant activities of FA-Hb in different systems were investigated to confirm as potential oxygen carriers with less oxidative side reactions.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel O-alkyl ferulamide derivatives as multifunctional ligands for treating Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 2022
Gaofeng Zhu, Ping Bai, Keren Wang, Jing Mi, Jing Yang, Jiaqi Hu, Yujuan Ban, Ran Xu, Rui Chen, Changning Wang, Lei Tang, Zhipei Sang
Ferulic acid (FA) is a polyphenol that is abundant in vegetables and maize bran. Several lines of evidence have displayed that FA would be hopeful for treating AD because of its scavenging free radicals, Aβ aggregation inhibition properties, anti-inflammatory properties, and neuroprotective effects13,14. However, the low bioavailability of FA limits its clinical uses in AD. Based on this, many groups have developed the FA derivative to treat AD14. Rasagiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, which has been approved for treating symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, is in Phase II clinical trial with mild to moderate AD, the data showed that Rasagiline improved blood flow in a separate small study of 11 people with AD treated for a median of 1.7 years with 1 mg per day, along with donepezil6. The propargyl group has been confirmed as the pharmacophore of rasagiline. In addition, evidences show that introducing benzyl derivatives and alkyl fragment into the skeleton could increase MAO-B inhibitory potency15. Thus, we plan to introduce the propargyl, benzyl, and alkyl fragment into the FA skeleton based on the MTDLs strategy and create novel O-alkyl ferulamide derivatives as multifunctional agents (Figure 2).
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