Prognosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Harold O. Conn, Juan Rodes, Miguel Navasa in Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis, 2000
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), defined as an infection of ascitic fluid that occurs in the absence of any obvious intraabdominal source, is a frequent complication of cirrhosis. Although SBP was first reported in France around the tum of this century, over the next 70 years only sporadic reports appeared in the medical literature. After the landmark series of Conn and Fessel (1) in 1971, a large number of studies have helped to characterize further the spectrum of this complication. In prospective series encompassing cirrhosis of different etiologies, the prevalence ofSBP on admission to hospital ranged from 4% to 20% (2-7). Increased awareness of SBP and the performance of almost routine paracentesis explains, in part, the increasing prevalence of this complication of cirrhosis.
Interventional and Vascular Imaging and Iatrogenic Complications
Gareth Lewis, Hiten Patel, Sachin Modi, Shahid Hussain in On Call Radiology, 2015
Iatrogenic complications of medical interventions are relatively commonplace and occur across many facets of medical practice. A misplaced Endotracheal tube is a relatively common complication that is detected on post-intubation radiographs. An endoleak is characterised by persistent blood flow within an aneurysm sac following endovascular aneurysm repair. Ultrasound is usually used as a follow-up imaging modality to assess sac size and to check for the presence of an endoleak. It can be used in the acute setting, but views may be limited as the quality of the images is user dependent. Common femoral artery (CFA) puncture is frequently performed by interventional radiologists, cardiologists and neurointerventional radiologists. The most common complication following CFA puncture is haematoma. This is usually caused by a puncture that is too high or too low. Computed tomography assessment for CFA puncture complications is reserved for cases where patients are unstable and/or ultrasound fails to provide a diagnosis.
Medical disorders in pregnancy
Justin Konje, Justin Konje in SAQs, MCQs, EMQs and OSCEs for MRCOG Part 2, Second edition, 2009
The complications may be maternal or fetal. Maternal complications are either related to the condition itself or to the AEDs. Those in the former category include an increased in seizure rate (reported in a third of women during pregnancy) and the risk of status epilepticus (this risk is not increased in pregnancy). Immediately after delivery, the risk of tonic-clonic seizures is increased. Complications related to AEDs depend on the type of drugs but in general are NTDs (1-3 per cent with sodium valproate (Epilim®)), facial clefting, fetal AED syndrome (a combination of malformations) and coagulopathies in the neonates (approximately 50 per cent of neonates whose mothers are on phenobarbitone, primidone or phenytoin). The fetuses are at an increased risk of asphyxia if fits are poorly controlled and their risk of developing seizures is also increased.
Intraspinal hypotension syndrome presents as transient quadriplegia
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Miki Katzir, Svetlana Tov, Ayelet Eran, Gill E. Sviri
Intracranial hypotension can be a complication of epidural anaesthesia. Pure clinical spinal hypotension manifesting as acute transient quadriplegia following epidural anaesthesia is a severe, life-threatening complication that have not been described before. This complication can be solved with an epidural blood patch; thus, it should be familiar to doctors across all specialities.
Cost of macrovascular complications in people with diabetes from a public healthcare perspective: a retrospective database study in Brazil
Published in Journal of Medical Economics, 2020
Guilherme Silva Julian, Daniel Campos, Julie Broe Honore, Flávia Sauer Tobaruella, Jung Hyun Yoon, Nino Hallén
Aims: To evaluate costs in patients with diabetes who experienced a macrovascular complication from a Brazilian public healthcare system perspective. Materials and methods: A retrospective, observational study that utilized the database of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). Data for direct medical costs (hospitalization and outpatient) were extracted for patients with diabetes and a macrovascular complication (1 January 2012–31 December 2018) and converted to US Dollars (2019 USD). Mixed-effects logistic regression explored associations between demographic and clinical characteristics with the incurrence of high direct medical costs. Results: In total, 1,668 (0.2%) patients with diabetes met study inclusion criteria and experienced a macrovascular complication, either alone (N = 1,193) or together with a microvascular complication (N = 475). Median [95% CI] annual costs (USD/patient) were 130.5 [90.7; 264.2] at baseline, increasing to 334.0 [182.2; 923.5] in the first year after the complication. The odds of incurring high costs were significantly elevated in the first and second year (vs. baseline), and in patients who experienced a macrovascular and microvascular complication (vs. macrovascular alone) (all p
Unexpected exit of a cochlear implant electrode through the wall of the basal turn of the cochlea — a report on two patients
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2007
Eu Chin Ho, David Proops, Peter Andrews, John Graham
We describe the unusual complication of the cochlear implant electrode eroding through the lateral bony wall of the cochlear basal turn in 2 different patients. This complication, occurring during life, has not been previously described in the literature. Radiological investigations were vital in making this diagnosis. We also discuss the likely pathophysiology behind this complication. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.