China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Male Reproductive System
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Prostatic urethraContinuous with the bladder transitional epithelium.Surrounded by inner longitudinal and outer circular smooth muscle.
Prostate cancer
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Jurgen J Fütterer, Fillip Kossov, Henkjan Huisman
The prostate is a small wedge-shaped gland situated directly caudal to the bladder. The prostate gland envelops the prostatic urethra and ejaculatory ducts. The seminal vesicles are paired grapelike pouches filled with fluid that are located caudolateral to the corresponding vas deferens. The prostate base lies inferior to the bladder and the prostate apex lies caudally continuous with the penile urethra. On the basis of its embryological origins, the prostate is anatomically divided into three zones that are eccentrically located around the urethra (the transition zone is the innermost zone, then the central zone, and the outermost peripheral zone). In elderly patients, the transition and central zones cannot be distinguished radiologically because of compression of the central zone by benign prostatic hyperplasia in the transition zone and are, therefore, together called the central gland. Seventy percent of all prostate cancers are located in the peripheral zone, whereas 20% emerge from the transition zone, and 10% in the central zone. The neurovascular bundle courses bilaterally along the posterolateral aspect of the prostate, in the five and seven o'clock positions and are a preferential pathway of tumour spread.
Endoscopic Evaluation of Neurogenic Bladder
Published in Jacques Corcos, Gilles Karsenty, Thomas Kessler, David Ginsberg, Essentials of the Adult Neurogenic Bladder, 2020
Romain Caremel, Jacques Corcos
Once the patient is informed of the beginning of the examination, the cystoscope, lubricated with sterile jelly, is very gently introduced into the meatus. A global view of the urethra permits the confirmation of penile urethra integrity in men. The cystoscope is then pushed forward into the membranous urethra, making the external sphincter visible. This concentric muscle closes the urethra and can usually be passed by gentle pressure on the cystoscope. The prostatic urethra is then observed, and the anatomy of the prostate is then noted, mainly the size of the lateral lobes and the presence or absence of a median lobe.
Could the bulbar urethral end location on the cystourethrogram predict the outcome after posterior urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury?
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2023
Ahmed M. Harraz, Adel Nabeeh, Ramy Elbaz, Abdalla Abdelhamid, Mohamed Tharwat, Amr A. Elbakry, Ahmed S. El-Hefnawy, Ahmed El-Assmy, Ahmed Mosbah, Mohamed H. Zahran
In the current study, the location of the proximal end of the bulbar urethra was an independent determinant of the failure rate regardless of the position or the length of the posterior urethra. In the vast majority of cases, the prostatic urethra and BN are hypothesized to be normal except on rare occasions such as in pediatric patients [16]. Conversely, the presence of the proximal end of the bulbar urethra superficially in zone A would indicate a more superficial injury, and less dissection is required to remove all scarred tissue compared if the urethral end is in zone B where the dissection should progress deeply in the pelvis. We have used an imaginary line in the center of a plane that is equivalent to the anatomical site of the perineal membrane between the pubic rami in the normal setting. This plane is arbitrary and is suggested as an objective tool to describe the depth of the bulbar urethra in relation to the pubic arch.
Oncological safety of simultaneous transurethral resection of high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and benign prostatic hyperplasia
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2023
Ben Valery Sionov, Matvey Tsivian, Pavel Bakaleyschik, Ami Abraham Sidi, Alexander Tsivian
The approach to a patient with bladder cancer and symptomatic BPH is controversial. In many centers, there is a reluctance to perform concurrent surgery because of fears that tumor cells may implant in the exposed areas of the resected prostate tissue [4,5]. However, others have shown that simultaneous surgery for low-grade tumors is safe without increasing the rate of prostate recurrence [6,7]. In addition, reports demonstrate that earlier resolution of BPH symptoms decreases the recurrence rate and may positively impact a patient’s quality of life [8]. It is unclear whether the involvement of the resected prostatic urethra is increased by implantation in the presence of high-grade tumors, which are considered more aggressive and in which cells could theoretically have a higher propensity to seed.
Assessment of the clinical efficacy of simultaneous transurethral resection of both bladder cancer and the prostate: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in The Aging Male, 2020
Li Zhou, Xinglong Liang, Kaizhong Zhang
Kiefer [4] and Hinman [5] first described the use of simultaneous TURBT + TURP procedures to treat 4 and 3 patients, respectively, revealing this approach to be associated with a very high (100%) rate of tumor development at the prostatic urethra/bladder neck. These early results thus strongly argued against this concurrent procedure, but the sample sizes in these two studies were small. Subsequently, Golomb et al. used TURBT + TURP in 36 total patients, observing tumor recurrence rates at the urethra/bladder neck in 25% of the patients [6]. Furthermore, Greene et al. analyzed 100 patients that underwent TURBT + TURP [7] postulating that the development of tumors in the prostatic urethra was the result of a propensity toward neoplasia formation in the urinary epithelium of treated patients and was not specifically linked to prostatic resection in these individuals. Several studies followed explored this issue; however, whether simultaneous resection of bladder tumors and the prostate is safe and preferable for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and BPH remains a matter of debate.