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Caregivers in Patient- and Family-Centered Care
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
The potential for a mechanical lift…is often a desired and offered option. In practice with home hospice, I have found that most often it takes two able caregivers to successfully use. Complications at home include carpeted surfaces (shag is the worst) and narrow spaces. It is often worth a conversation with the family, perhaps when at home and they experience the difficulty of operation. It may become clear there (or in the hospital) that just doing bed care is the likely, if undesired alternative. All part of the process, to be expected, and not a failure.
The Respiratory System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Pulmonary function tests determine the presence, type, and extent of dysfunction in the airways, alveoli, and pulmonary vascular bed caused by obstruction or restriction or both. These tests are of three general types: (1) airway flow rates measure flow to assess airway patency and resistance; (2) lung volume and capacity measure compartments of the lung to assess air-trapping and differentiate impairments; and (3) gas exchange (diffusion capacity) measures rate of gas transfer across the alveolar-capillary membranes. The spirometer is a device used to measure lung volume; the procedure is called spirometry. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFK, maximal flow that can be produced during forced expiration), pulmonary venous congestion (PVC), forced expiratory vol ume (FEv), and the mean forced expiratory flow (FEF) during the middle of the forced vital capacity (FVC) can be measured by flow meters.
The Eating Disordered Couple
Published in Len Sperry, Katherine Helm, Jon Carlson, The Disordered Couple, 2019
Individuals diagnosed as having BED are characterized by experiencing repeated episodes of binge eating that include consuming an abnormally large amount of food in a short period of time accompanied by a loss of control over eating during the episode. These binge eating episodes occur, on average, at least once per week for three months. The episodes feature at least three of the following: consuming food faster than normal, consuming food until uncomfortably full, consuming large amounts of food when not hungry, consuming food alone due to embarrassment, and feeling disgusted, depressed, or guilty after eating a large amount of food. Overall, individuals feel significant distress about their binge eating. Those who struggle with Binge Eating Disorder do not show regular compensatory behavior associated with Bulimia Nervosa, nor do they binge eat solely during an episode of Bulimia Nervosa or Anorexia Nervosa (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
Relationships Between Childhood Abuse and Eating Pathology Among Individuals with Binge-Eating Disorder: examining the Moderating Roles of Self-Discrepancy and Self-Directed Style
Published in Eating Disorders, 2022
Skylar L. Borg, Lauren M Schaefer, Vivienne M Hazzard, Nicola Herting, Carol B Peterson, Ross D Crosby, Scott J Crow, Scott G Engel, Stephen A Wonderlich
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is characterized by persistent episodes of binge eating (i.e., overeating accompanied by a sense of having lost control over one’s eating), which are marked by psychological distress. Unlike bulimia nervosa, which also involves recurrent binge-eating episodes, individuals with BED do not engage in regular, inappropriate compensatory behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). BED is associated with psychosocial impairment, as well as significant psychiatric and medical comorbidity (Grilo et al., 2009; Hudson et al., 2007), and affects approximately 3.5% of women and 2.0% of men, making it more common than anorexia nervosa (a disorder primarily characterized by insufficient dietary intake resulting in low weight) and bulimia nervosa (Hudson et al., 2007). Existing treatments for BED have demonstrated suboptimal effectiveness (Linardon, 2018); thus, identifying underlying risk and maintenance processes that contribute to the onset and persistence of BED is crucial for improving interventions for this disorder.
Naturalistically assessed associations between physical activity, affective functioning, and binge eating among adults with binge-eating disorder
Published in Eating Disorders, 2022
Kathryn E. Smith, Tyler B. Mason, Lisa M. Anderson, Lauren M. Schaefer, Ross D. Crosby, Scott G. Engel, Scott J. Crow, Stephen A. Wonderlich, Carol B. Peterson
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent binge eating in the absence of regular compensatory behaviors (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) and is accompanied by a range of negative sequalae, including poor quality of life and psychiatric and medical comorbidities (Grilo et al., 2009; Wonderlich et al., 2009). While excess weight is not a diagnostic criterion for BED, this disorder is strongly associated with obesity. For instance, estimates suggest 42-70% of individuals with BED have obesity (Grucza et al., 2007; Hudson et al., 2007); in addition, men and women with obesity are over four times more likely to have a lifetime history of BED compared to individuals of normal weight (Duncan et al., 2017). This is particularly concerning given that obesity is a significant public health concern that contributes to several leading causes of preventable death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2018a). Despite the clinical significance of BED and co-occurring overweight/obesity (BED+OW/OB), outcomes of psychological treatments for BED (which do not target weight) remain less than optimal (Grilo, 2017). While behavioral weight loss treatments have been applied to BED and have been shown to reduce weight, effects of behavioral weight loss on binge eating are less than those observed during psychological treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy (Hilbert et al., 2019). Together these findings indicate a clear need to better understand mechanisms underlying this pathology and identify ways to improve both eating and weight outcomes.
The Ethical Defensibility of Harm Reduction and Eating Disorders
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2021
Andria Bianchi, Katherine Stanley, Kalam Sutandar
Finally, persons with BED engage in binge eating behaviors and eat large quantities of food to the point of discomfort within a short period of time (National Eating Disorders Association 2018c). Persons with BED will typically eat alone and they will often feel immense guilt after a binge (National Eating Disorders Association 2018c). The primary difference between persons with BN and BED is that those with BED do not usually engage in unhealthy weight control measures immediately following a binge episode (e.g. laxatives, vomiting, excessive exercise, fasting). Although BED was captured in the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Illness (DSM-IV) under the heading “Eating Disorder- Not Otherwise Specified,” it is now recognized as an illness separate from other eating disorders and is the most recent eating disorder to be added to the DSM (National Initiative for Eating Disorders 2016–2018c). Furthermore, it is the most common eating disorder in the United States of America, affecting 3.5% of women and 2% of men (Hudson et al. 2007).