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Gastrointestinal Disease
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Gareth Davies, Chris Black, Keeley Fairbrass
Smoking, alcohol and caffeine use are often relevant to gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and dyspepsia, caffeine or alcohol use to diarrhoea. Stress commonly aggravates functional GI symptoms. Patients may be stressed by specific symptoms (e.g. fear of incontinence in conditions with diarrhoea and/or urgency), so addressing these concerns is useful in management. Traumatic childhood events may underlie functional symptomatology. Patients are often concerned about the effect of disease on sexual function.
Oncology Care and Gynecologic Concerns
Published in S Paige Hertweck, Maggie L Dwiggins, Clinical Protocols in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2022
Consider use of validated screening tools such as the Female Sexual Function IndexQuestions regarding desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and painCan diagnose global sexual dysfunction as well as specific areasScore of ≤26 is diagnostic of sexual dysfunction
Prescribing for a first episode of schizophrenia-like psychosis
Published in Kathy J Aitchison, Karena Meehan, Robin M Murray, First Episode Psychosis, 2021
Kathy J Aitchison, Karena Meehan, Robin M Murray
Erectile dysfunction occurs in 23-54% of men on antipsychotics. Other side-effects affecting sexual function include ejaculatory disturbances in men and loss of libido or anorgasmia in women and men; these are thought to be due to antiadrenergic and antiserotonergic effects, and possibly hyper-prolactinaemia. In addition, specific antipsychotics (eg thioridazine and risperidone) may cause retrograde ejaculation. Twenty per cent of males on sertindole in trials had reduced or no ejaculate.141
Female sexual function before and during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 pandemic: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of longitudinal studies
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2022
Faustino R. Pérez-López, María T. López-Baena, Gonzalo Pérez-Roncero, Peña Dieste-Pérez, Ricardo Savirón-Cornudella, Mauricio Tajada
Eligible for inclusion were relevant studies that: (i) assessed same women during the prepandemic and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic; (ii) sexual function/dysfunction evaluated with a validated sexual function/dysfunction questionnaire; (iii) were in any language irrespective of age, race, and date of publication; and (iv) were addressing the same population if they reported complementary information to the main paper. Articles were excluded if they were narrative reviews, abstracts and conference proceedings, lack of results from the pre-pandemic period, or non-human studies. All disagreements regarding inclusion/exclusion were discussed and solved by consensus with all authors. Meta-analyses were planned for each validated sexuality questionnaire if reported in at least three different publications, before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
The “End” of Orgasm: The Erotics of Durational Pleasures
Published in Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 2021
And if you do want sex, but you cannot reach that peak of pleasure in the orgasm, perhaps at the right time and in the right way, still, something else must be wrong with you. And for that, there are pills and other treatments designed to restore sexual function. It is also worth noting how almost comically gendered these pills are: Sildenafil, the little blue pill, is the aid to male sexual dysfunction, while Flibanserin, a peachy pink pill, is designed for females. Not only are the drugs colored stereotypically by gender, but they also operate in gendered ways. Sildenafil’s effects are physiological; Flibanserin is of a psychotropic nature. The difference reflects a gendered prescription about how pleasure is experienced. For men prescribed Sildenafil, the cure is to almost immediately increase blood flow to the penis to improve sexual function. In Medical Entanglements, Kristina Gupta (2020) notes a historical shift in the focus in treating men’s sexual dysfunction from a psychological basis to a physiological one in the 1980s and 1990s, a shift that has arguably stuck and continues to shape perceptions of male sexuality (p. 69). For women with “low libidos” or “low desire,” the treatment is still psychologically based. Flibanserin, which Cari Romm (2015) notes was first developed as an antidepressant, must be taken daily to slowly increase sexual desire by “changing the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain.” The age-old stereotypical message: For men, sex, desire, and sexual pleasure are physical; for women, it is all purely emotional.
Associations between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Sexual Well-being in Adulthood: A Systematic Literature Review
Published in Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 2021
Noémie Bigras, Marie-Pier Vaillancourt-Morel, Marie-Chloé Nolin, Sophie Bergeron
Sexual function is defined based on the different stages of the sexual response cycle (i.e., sexual desire, arousal, orgasm). Sexual dysfunction corresponds to a problem at a specific domain of sexual function: sexual desire/interest disorder, sexual pain, and orgasmic disorder. Of the 18 studies reviewed, ten examined the associations between CSA and sexual function. The interest in sexual function is particularly apparent in clinical samples presenting other comorbid disorders frequently related to sexual difficulties. For example, the association between CSA and sexual function was examined in 113 men and women diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (Tekin et al., 2016), in 200 heterosexual women consulting for sexual dysfunction (Maseroli et al., 2018), in 51 outpatient women with opioid use disorder (Ağaçhanlı et al., 2018), and in 808 chronically depressed adults (Dunlop et al., 2015). Of the ten reviewed studies, only two used mixed-sex samples and only one provided results separately by sex/gender (Dunlop et al., 2015; Tekin et al., 2016).