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Reproductive technology
Published in Frank J. Dye, Human Life Before Birth, 2019
Another procedure not involving embryo transfer, but that does rely on IVF, is zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT). In ZIFT, zygotes are transferred into the fallopian tubes on the day after fertilization occurs in the culture dish, instead of waiting for the zygotes to develop into embryos.
Two decades of IVF: A critical appraisal
Published in Elisabeth Hildt, Dietmar Mieth, In Vitro Fertilisation in the 1990s, 2018
One type aims to substitute, repair or circumvent deficient physical elements of the reproductive process (e.g.blocked tubes, lack of eggs): IVF + egg transfer (simple IVF)variants: gamete intra Fallopian transfer (GIFT) and zygote intra Fallopian transfer (ZIFT)IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
Embryology
Published in Anthony R. Mundy, John M. Fitzpatrick, David E. Neal, Nicholas J. R. George, The Scientific Basis of Urology, 2010
The availability of techniques for IVF has given many urological patients the potential for parenthood whereas previously their outlook for fertility would have been bleak. Examples of patients who might benefit from IVF techniques include men with oligospermia or azoospermia because of cryptorchidism and men with impaired ejaculation associated with a history of posterior urethral valves or bladder exstrophy. In the technique of intracytoplasmic sperm injection, spermatozoa are harvested directly from the testis or epididymis and a single spermatozoan is selected and injected into an oocyte. The fertilized zygote is then implanted into the uterus. Other variants of IVF such as gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) or zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) may also be applicable for urological patients with a range of congenital or acquired causes of infertility.
The impact of emotional health on assisted reproductive technology outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Human Fertility, 2022
Grace Peaston, Venkatesh Subramanian, Oliver Brunckhorst, Ippokratis Sarris, Kamran Ahmed
Original data on men, women or couples in ART treatment were included. ART was defined as extracorporeal handling of gametes or embryos to induce pregnancy. This includes IVF, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, zygote intrafallopian transfer and gamete intrafallopian transfer but excludes intrauterine insemination. Procedures involving donor materials were excluded to avoid confounding due to the mental state of the donor. Studies must have measured pre-treatment emotional health through validated psychometric scales. Pre-treatment measurement avoided confounding stress from hormonal treatment or feedback on progress. Studies must have reported primary or secondary outcomes (see data items). Clinical pregnancy was defined as ultrasound-confirmed pregnancy, and chemical pregnancy as pregnancy detected through human chorionic gonadotropin measurement. Interventional studies were excluded to avoid confounding effects of treatments. Reviews, animal studies and non-English language papers were excluded.
Frozen blastocyst transfer reduces incidence of ectopic pregnancy compared with fresh blastocyst transfer: a meta-analysis
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2019
Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal death, and great majority EPs occur in the fallopian tube, and tubal rupture remains the most common cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy [1]. A better understanding of EP risk is critical to avoid to tubal rupture and serious complications including hemorrhage, shock and death [2]. With the increase of infertility patients, more and more patients use assisted reproductive technology (ART) [1]. IVF-ET has been thought to promote the incidence of EP (EP rate about 2.1%–8.6%) [3] compared with the spontaneous pregnancies (EP rate about 2%) [4]. Although the exact mechanism of EP is unclear, several possible factors were related to increased risk of EP after IVF, such as female age, tubal factor infertility, zygote intrafallopian transfer, assisted hatching, fresh compared with frozen ETs, day of ET, number of ET, and the different hormonal milieu [5]. Some interventions have been implemented to reduce the incidence of EP, for example, blastocyst transfer (BT). In 2017, a meta-analysis showed that BT may be a better choice for decreasing the EP rate compared with cleavage stage ET in ART [6]. Theoretically, BT, which is more similar to the natural cycle than cleavage stage ET, has better endometrial receptivity and a higher embryo implantation potential [7]. Blastocyst stage embryos transfer might be the most biologically correct stage for embryos in the uterus [2]. Frozen ETs compared with fresh ETs has been decrease the incidence of EP [3]. In fresh ET cycles, supraphysiologic hormonal milieu increases the incidence of EP compared with frozen ET cycles [8].
Frozen blastocyst embryo transfer vs. frozen cleavage-stage embryo transfer in couples with recurrent implantation failure: a cohort study
Published in Human Fertility, 2021
Xiaodong Zhang, Yang Gao, Weiwei Liu, Junxia Liu, Lihong Wu, Shun Xiong, Jiahong Zhu, Wei Han, Jiang Wang, Xiangwei Hao, Shubiao Han, Guoning Huang
Some patients with specific forms of infertility, such as recurrent implantation failure (RIF), are defined as having had three unsuccessful IVF cycles excluding frozen embryo transfer (Meldrum, Silverberg, Bustillo, & Stokes, 1998; Tan, Vandekerckhove, Kennedy, & Keay, 2005). For these patients, single blastocyst transfers may be superior to cleavage-stage embryo transfers, such that this was the first-line strategy for the majority of centres in a review in the UK (Tan et al., 2005). However, few studies have confirmed these empirical observations in a prospective manner. Moreover, Levran et al. (2002) found that blastocyst stage transfer failed to improve the outcome when compared with zygote intrafallopian transfer in RIF patients.