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Pediatric Hematocolpos
Published in Botros Rizk, A. Mostafa Borahay, Abdel Maguid Ramzy, Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Gynecologic Emergencies, 2020
Omar M. Abuzeid, Mostafa I. Abuzeid
Uterus didelphys occurs when there is complete failure of fusion of the two Müllerian ducts. As a result, there is duplication of the corpus and cervix uteri with two endometrial cavities and two cervices fused in the lower uterine segment. Usually there is a longitudinal vaginal septum, which is situated between the two cervices. Longitudinal vaginal septum occurs when there is incomplete fusion of the Müllerian ducts or incomplete regression of the medial aspect of the Müllerian ducts in the lower genital tract. Obstructed hemivagina will occur if a longitudinal vaginal septum fuses with the vaginal wall on one side (Figure 17.4).
The Pathology of Human Schistosoma Haematobium Infection
Published in Max J. Miller, E. J. Love, Parasitic Diseases: Treatment and Control, 2020
Urinary schistosomiasis has been linked to urothelial (bladder) cancer since the turn of the century,32 and the bilharzial bladder cancer syndrome has been characterized by a relatively high frequency of squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomata in endemic regions of schistosomiasis. Urothelial hyperplasia in humans is strongly associated with severe, but not mild, urinary schistosomiasis, and is seen in all stages of the disease. However, it is even more strongly associated with bacterial urinary tract infection.5 Urothelial metaplasia exhibits either squamous or adenoid differentiation. Squamous metaplasia is more common, and covers a spectrum from hyperplastic transitional epithelium to frank epidermization.5Dysplastic changes often accompany squamous metaplasia in a manner histologically comparable to the metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma-in-situ spectrum of the cervix uteri. Combined urothelial metaplasia and dysplasia are strongly associated with severe S. haematobium infection, are more common in later stages of the disease, and correlate better with urinary schistosomiasis than with bacterial infection of the lower urinary tract.5 Yet, three unselected autopsy series from endemic regions have shown no greater frequency of urothelial malignancy in patients with schistosomiasis than those without the infection;4,5,15 moreover, several other reports have failed to reveal a relationship between bladder cancer and lower urinary tract egg burdens.18,32,35
Safety Aspects of Ultrasound Scanning
Published in Arianna D'Angelo, Nazar N. Amso, Ultrasound in Assisted Reproduction and Early Pregnancy, 2020
The gynecological environment can become contaminated by HPV from health-care workers’ hands and gloves. There is, however, conflicting evidence for HPV transmission, and while skin-to-skin and mucosa-to-mucosa contact, predominantly by sexual intercourse, is the most frequent route of transmission, other routes might be involved [10]. HPV can persist in the environment and on medical equipment even after disinfection. The close contact between the transvaginal probe and the cervix uteri or vaginal wall can be a potential risk for transmission of sexually transmitted infections, such as HPV [11].
Sexually transmitted diseases in cancer patients diagnosed under the age of 20 years – a national registry-based cohort study from Finland
Published in Acta Oncologica, 2022
Liisa Korhonen, Laura Madanat-Harjuoja, Elli Hirvonen, Janne Pitkäniemi, Nea Malila, Mervi Taskinen
Secondly, we identified all hospital contacts linked to a diagnosis of cervical dysplasia (mild, moderate, severe, or unspecified cervical dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ of cervix uteri) or condyloma from the CRHC. This register replaced former Finnish Hospital Discharge Register in year 1994 and contains nationwide linkable data on all inpatient hospital discharges with personal identification code since 1969 and outpatient visits since 1998 [16]. Sexually transmitted infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) are not systematically reported in the NIDR but utilizing data from the CRHC, we were able to cover also the clinically relevant cases of HPV related diseases. Information on hospital contacts was gathered from year 1987. Diagnoses were classified according to the Finnish Classification of Diseases 1987 and10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (Supplementary table 1).
Ectopic leiomyoma as a late complication of laparoscopic hysterectomy with power morcellation: a case report and review of the literature
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2020
Karel Dewulf, Valerie Weyns, Bart Lelie, Hussain Qasim, Joke Meersschaert, Bart Devos
A 49-year-old woman presented at the outpatient clinic with episodes of epigastric pain. She had a blank medical history and a surgical history of an appendectomy, tonsillectomy and a laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy for benign disease. The epigastric pain was present since three days with associated nausea and normal bowel habits. The pain was not related to her menstrual cycle. Clinical examination showed epigastric tenderness without rebound tenderness or palpable masses. Blood tests, including inflammatory markers and liver function tests, were normal. Abdominal ultrasound showed cholecystolithiasis and a mass of 45 mm anterior to the stomach, tender on palpation. A CT scan of the abdomen revealed a nodular, contrast-enhancing mass with sharp margins in the greater omentum of 4 × 5 cm (Figure 1(A,B)). Inside the mass, a focus of contrast hypocaptation resided (Figure 1(B)). Moreover, a contrast-enhancing nodule of 11 mm was observed at the right side of the cervix uteri and a cystic mass of 35 mm was seen in the left ovary.
Evaluation of combined effect of hyperthermia and ionizing radiation on cytotoxic damages induced by IUdR-loaded PCL-PEG-coated magnetic nanoparticles in spheroid culture of U87MG glioblastoma cell line
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2018
Parisa Rezaie, Samideh Khoei, Sepideh Khoee, Sakine Shirvalilou, Seied Rabi Mahdavi
Biological damage caused by hyperthermia can complement DNA damage created by ionizing radiation, making hyperthermia an attractive method for clinical management and treatment of many cancers (Triantopoulou et al. 2013). We have evaluated the effects of ionizing radiation and heat on surviving fraction of the human glioblastoma U87MG cell line. Our data show that irradiation and hyperthermia significantly reduced surviving fraction of cells in comparison to those of the control group and the groups treated with hyperthermia or radiation separately. Attaluri et al. characterized the effects of ionizing radiation and hyperthermia on two human prostate cancer cell lines and reported that when 60 min of hyperthermia is combined with 5 Gy of 137Cs radiation, the surviving fraction of both cells is diminished, in comparison with each one alone (Attaluri et al. 2015). Also, van Oorschot et al. showed that the percentage of apoptosis of cervix uteri cancer cells (SiHa) treated with a combination of radiation and heat increased (van Oorschot et al. 2016).